Evaluation of new hybrids of sugar beet against cyst nematode in infested fields

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Associate Prof., Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

2 Corresponding Author, Researcher, Sugar Beet Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Assistant Prof., Sugar Beet Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

4 Assistant Prof., Sugar Beet Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Fars, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Introduction

Sugar-beet cyst nematode (SBCN) (Heterodera schachtii) is a major limiting factor in production of sugar beet in Iran and other countries of the world. The most efficient method to control this disease is using resistant varieties and hybrids. This nematode is distributed globally and is mainly found in temperate, Mediterranean and subtropical climates, where it has been found and identified in major sugar beet growing areas in more than 87 countries. The aim of the present study is to determine the performance of foreign hybrids received in areas infected with cyst nematode and to select a hybrid or hybrids resistant to this nematode and with high yield for future VCU experiments and ultimately to introduce them for cultivation in infected areas of the country.



Materials and Methods

In order to evaluate the resistance of new sugar beet hybrids of Syngenta company, one trial with 16 genotypes (13 hybrids and two susceptible genotypes belonging to Syngenta company and three resistant checks) was conducted in nematode-infested fields in Khorasan Razavi (Torogh), Fars (Zarghan) and West Azarbyejan (Khoy, Pekachik village) provinces in randomized complete block design with four replications. After harvesting, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of sugar beet roots were measured and statistically analyzed. After sampling and recording data in Excel, data analysis was done using SAS 9.1 statistical software. After performing the homogeneity of variances test through Bartlett's test, composite analysis of three region' data was done. In order to group the experimental materials, Ward's cluster analysis was used. In order to compare the mean of the traits under study, Duncan test was used at the probability level of five percent.





Results and Discussion

Bartlett's test was performed to test the homogeneity of error variance of three experiments. Chi-square of sugar content, white sugar yield and root sodium were not significant and were used for combined variance analysis. In combined variance analysis, the interaction effect of genotype at location was significant for the mentioned traits. Therefore, it was not possible to compare the average of the main effects of location and genotype, and only within each region, the average of genotypes was compared with each other. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 16 studied sugar beet genotypes were separated into three separate groups. Also, the F-21119 genotype, which was in the first group and had high white sugar yield in all three regions of Mashhad, Zarqan and Khoy, had good adaptation in the three regions.



Conclusion

Results showed that in all three regions of Mashhad, Zarghan and Khoi, hybrid F-21119 was the best experimental hybrid with white sugar yield of 10.63 tons per hectare, 6.54 tons per hectare and 5.73 tons per hectare respectively and it has been well adapted in three regions. Of course, to confirm the superiority of the hybrid selected from this research, it is recommended that it be proven in experiments to determine the future agricultural value of the cultivated variety and the stability of its white sugar yield.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

1.Draycott, A. P. (2006). Sugar beet (World Agriculture Series). Wiley-Blackwell.
2.Nicol, J. M., Turner, S. J., Coyne, D. L., Nijs, L. D., Hockland, S., & Maafi, Z. T. (2011). Current nematode threats to world agriculture. In Genomics and molecular genetics of plant-nematode interactions (pp. 21-43).
3.CABI. (2020). Invasive Species Compendium. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/27036.
4.Müller, J. (1999). The economic importance of Heterodera schachtii in Europe (pp. 205-213).
5.Cooke, D. A. (1987). Beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii Schmidt) and its control on sugar beet. Agricultural Zoology Reviews, 2, 135-183.
6.Whitney, E. D., & Duffus, E. (1991). Compendium of beet diseases and insects. APS Press.
7.Krump, D. (1991). Biological control of the beet cyst nematode. British Sugar Beet Review, 59(1), 54-55.
8.Scientific Board Members of the Sugar Beet Seed Institute. (2013). Compilation of standards for determination of potential and damage assessment by separating management and coercive factors in different stages of growth in sugar beet fields. Agricultural Education and Extension Publications. [In Persian]
9.Omidvar, M., & Shahidi, H. (1970). Sugar beet nematode in Khorasan and the work done so far on this parasite. In Proceedings of the 3rd Iranian Plant Protection Congress (p. 37). Shiraz University. [In Persian]
10.Parvizi, R., Ishtiaki, H., & Khairi, M. (1993). Effect of sugar beet nematode population on yield and nutrients.
In 11th Iranian Plant Protection Congress (p. 129). Rasht: Gilan University. [In Persian]
11.Mehdikhani, P. (2015). Improvement of diploid pollinators resistant to beet cyst nematode [Final research report, Registration No. 48440]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
12.Dony, D. L., & Whitney, E. D. (1969). Screening sugar beet for resistance to Heterodera schachtii. Journal of the American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists, 15, 546-552.
13.Heijbrock, W. (1977). Partial resistance of sugar beet to beet cyst eelworm (Heterodera schachtii). Euphytica,
26, 257-262.
14.Lang, W., & De Bock, T. M. (1994). Pre-breeding for nematode resistance in beet. Journal of Sugar Beet Research, 31, 13-26.
15.Panella, L., Hafez, S., & Lewellen, B. (2001). Development and testing of sugar beet cyst nematode resistant germplasm. Annual Sugar Beet Research Report, CIS, University of Idaho.
16.Hafez, S. L. (1998). Management of sugar beet cyst nematode. CIS Report No. 1071.
17.Soltani Idliki, J. (2006). Studying tolerance of commercial cultivars against sugar beet cyst nematode [Final research report, Reg. No. 85/938]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
18.Vahedi, S., Mahdikhani, P., Soltani, J., & Mahmoudi, S. B. (2007). Evaluation of new sugar beet breeding populations against beet cyst nematode [Final research report, Reg. No. 86/1403]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
19.Soltani Idliki, J. (2010). Evaluation of resistance of sugar beet hybrids to nematode [Final report, Reg. No. 89/1554]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
20.Soltani Idliki, J., Mehdikhani, P., & Kakuinejad, M. (2012). Resistance of commercial and domestic hybrids to sugar beet cyst nematode [Final report, Reg. No. 42887]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
21.Soltani Idliki, J., Mehdikhani, P., & Kakuinejad, M. (2013). Response of varieties and hybrids to cyst nematode under greenhouse and field conditions [Final report, Reg. No. 44856]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
22.Norouzi, P. (2014). Resistance of monogerm sugar beet hybrids to nematode under field and greenhouse conditions [Final report, Reg. No. 45616]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
23.Soltani Idliki, J., Mehdikhani, P., & Moaven, A. (2015). Investigation of resistance of commercial cultivars
to cyst-forming nematode [Final report, Reg. No. 45616]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
24.Soltani Idaliki, J., Hamidi, H., Kakueinezhad, M., Ahmadi, M., & Rezai, J. (2023). Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative yield of promising sugar beet hybrids under cyst nematode infection. Plant Productions, 46(3), 319-334.
25.Fenwick, K. N. (1940). Method for recovery and counting of cysts of Heterodera schachtii from soil. Journal of Helminthology, 18, 155-117.
26.Darabi, S., Bazrafshan, M., Babaee, B., & Mahmoodi, S. B. (2017). Impact of rhizomania virus on sugar beet yield and quality. Applied Research in Medicinal Plants, 6(3), 67-82. [In Persian]
27.Abdollahian Noghabi, M., Sheikholeslami, R., & Babaei, B. (2005). Technical terms of sugar beet yield and quality. Journal of Sugar Beet, 21(1), 101-104. [In Persian]
28.Norouzi, P., Soltani, M., Mehdikhani, P., & Darabi, M. (2019). Evaluation of new hybrids of sugar beet against cyst nematode in infested fields [Final report, Reg. No. 55994]. SBSI, AREEO. [In Persian]
Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 32, Issue 4
January 2026
Pages 165-183

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics