Micropropagation ability and true-to-type production of several chimeric Sansceveria cultivars

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Graduate of Horticultural Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

2 Corresponding Author, Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

4 Assistant Prof., Horticulture Crops Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education ‎Center, AREEO, Lahijan, Iran

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
It is of prime importance to optimize the clonal propagation of chimeric ornamental plants. Sansevieria is a foliage ornamental plant adapted to grow indoors due to its high diversity and resistance to adverse environmental conditions. The micropropagation of of ornamental plant cultivars while maintaining their genetic fidelity has always been important. Considering that a limited number of commercial chimeric cultivars have been studied in scientific sources and the extent of genetic stabilty in the appearance of regenerated plants is unclear therefore, in this research, we will investigate the regeneration capacity of 15 commercial chimeric cultivars of Sansevieria and evaluate the similarity of the regenerated plants with their corresponding mother plant.

Materials and Methods:
In this experiment, the leaves of 15 cultivars of chimeric Sansevieria were surface strilized with 70% ethanol for 30 seconds soonafter exposed to 10% Clorox for 10 minutes. Leaf explant were cultured in Murashigi and Skoog (MS) medium suplemeted with 0.25 mg/l 2,4-D to induce callus during 45 days and then the moved to another MS media supplemented with 0.35 mg/l Kinetin so as to induce shoots. Finally, morphological traits were recorded and compared among different cultivars.

Results:
The evaluation of the regenerated callus in different cultivars of Sansevieria showed that Metallica cultivar is able to produce the highest callus weight. The best callus quality was belong to Hahni, Black Jack and Black Gold cultivars, and the compact green and yellow calli produced in these cultivars led to the highest shoot regeneration in these cultivars. Only two cultivars, Silver Gold and Diamond, maintained 32 and 22% of true-to-typeness among other cultivars, respectively. While the other cultivars lacked this ability. The highest proliferated shoots was observed in Black Jack variety (20 plantlets) after 80 days from the beginning of experiment. The highest mean length of the regenerated shoot was related to "Twist" cultivar (more than 5 cm). The highest acclimation percentage was also observed in Metallica variety (100%).

Conclusion:
According to the obtained results, two regenerated cultivars of Diamond and Silver Gold, showed the 20 and 30% similarity to their corresponding mother plant, contrary to expectations. There was a direct relationship between the quality of calluses produced from different cultivars of Sasevieria and regenerated plantlets as such compact calluses with green and yellow color had a relatively higher ability for proliferation. Black Jack cultivar managed to produce the highest regenerated plants and leaves indicating the higher genetic ability in this species for shoot regeneration. Plantlets produced from other Sansevieria cultivars adapted well in other cases due to the ease of rooting, and among them, the plantlets produced from Metallica variety had higher acclimation competency due to the ability to produce more roots. The results of this research can provide favorable preliminary data for the molecular breeding of this plant through gene transfer and regeneration of the transgenic plant through callus.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 32, Issue 1
June 2025
Pages 199-217

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