تأثیر نسبت‌های مختلف نیتروژن بر باززایی و تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در گل سوسن چلچراغ

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، استاد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانش‌‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: سوسن چلچراغ با نام علمی ‌Lilium ledebourii Bioss از گل‌های نادر و متعلق به خانواده سوسن‌هاست که دارای متابولیت‌های ثانویه با ارزشی است. این گیاه به عنوان یکی از گلهای محبوب کاربردهای زیادی از قبیل استفاده به عنوان گل بریده، گل گلدانی و گیاه فضای سبز در دنیا دارد. ریزازدیادی با استفاده از ترکیبات هورمونی مختلف و مواد تحریک کننده رشد در این گیاه انجام گرفته است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش ارزیابی تأثیر نسبت‌های مختلف نیتروژن بر باززایی و تولید متابولیت ثانویه تحت شرایط درون شیشه‌ای است.
مواد و روش‌ها: به‌منظور بررسی اثر نسبت‌های مختلف نیتروژن بر باززایی و تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در گل سوسن چلچراغ آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 10 تیمار و 8 تکرار با استفاده از غلظت های مختلف نیتروژن (نیترات به آمونیم) در آزمایشگاه کشت‌بافت و بیوتکنولوژی گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی انجام شد. در این پژوهش از محیط کشت MS استفاده شد. شاخص‌های مورفولوژیکی اندازه گیری شده در این پژوهش شامل: وزن تر گیاهچه، ارتفاع گیاهچه، تعداد برگ، طول برگ، تعداد ریشه، طول ریشه، تعداد پیازچه، قطر پیازچه و تعداد فلس بود. شاخص‌های بیوشیمیایی اندازه‌گیری شده نیز شامل کلروفی a، کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل، فلاونوئید در سه طول موج 270، 300 و 330 نانومتر، کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین و فنل بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که تیمارهای مختلف به طور معنی‌داری (در سطح احتمال 5%) شاخص محتوای فنل کل، آنتوسیانین، کلروفیل a، b و کل، وزن‌تر گیاهچه، ارتفاع گیاهچه، تعداد ریشه و پیازچه‌ باززایی شده را تحت تأثیر قرار داد. بیش‌ترین غلظت فنل کل، آنتوسیانین، وزن‌تر و ارتفاع گیاهچه مربوط به تیمار نیتروژنی با نسبت نیترات به آمونیوم 40:40 بود. در مورد کلروفیل a، b و کل بهترین تیمار مربوط به تیمار نیتروژنی نسبت نیترات به آمونیم 60:25 بود. برای تعداد ریشه و پیازچه نیز بهترین تیمارها مربوط به تیمار نیتروژنی نسبت نیترات به آمونیم 40:40، 40:25، 60:25 و 40:0 بود. بیشترین میزان کارتنوئید (838/4 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) مربوط به تیمار نیتروژنی با نسبت 80:25 نیترات به آمونیوم حاصل شد که با تیمار شاهد و سایر تیمارها از این لحاظ اختلاف معنی‌داری نشان داد. همچنین کم‌ترین میزان این شاخص (0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) مربوط به تیمار نیتروژنی با نسبت 40:120 و 0:25 نیترات به آمونیوم حاصل شد که با تیمار شاهد اختلاف معنی‌داری داشت
نتیجه‌گیری: در این پژوهش نسبت نیترات به آمونیوم 40:40 در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها تأثیر بهتری بر شاخص‌های اندازه‌گیری شده داشت و تجمع بیش از حد آمونیوم در بافت‌های گیاهی موجب اختلال در رشد نرمال شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different ratios of nitrogen on regeneration and secondary metabolite production of Lilium ledebourii

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil chamani 1
  • Sheyda Aminian 2
  • Younes Pourbeyrami hir 3
1 Corresponding Author, Professor, Dept. of Horticulture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Student, Dept. of Horticulture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Horticulture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and objective: Lilium ledebourii Bioss is a rare species belonging to the Liliaceae family, containing valuable secondary metabolites. This flower is one of the most popular plants in the word which used as a cut flower, pot flower and bedding plants .Micro propagation was done in this flower by used of different hormonal combinations and elicitors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of various nitrogen ratios on in vitro regeneration and secondary metabolite production.
Materials and Methods: In order to study the effects of different nitrogen ratios on the regeneration and secondary metabolite production of Lilium ledebourii, an experiment was conducted based on the completely randomized design with 10 treatments and 8 replications in tissue culture and biotechnology laboratory of the Horticultural Department of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. The MS medium were used to culture the explants. In this experiment some morphological traits were evaluated such as fresh weight, plant height, leaf number, leaf length, root number, root length, bulblet number, bulblet diameter and scale number. The measured biochemical traits were total Chlorophyll, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a, carotenoid, Flavonoid in 3 different waves (270, 300 and 330 nm), anthocyanin and phenol.
Results: The results of the experiment showed that various treatments significantly (P≤0.05) affected total phenol content, anthocyanin, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll, fresh weight, seedling height, regenerated root and bulb number. The highest value of total phenol and anthocyanin contents, fresh weight and seedling height was observed in nitrate to ammonium ratio of 40:40. However, the best treatment for chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, was the ratio of nitrate to ammonium at the rate of 60:25. Also, in the case of root and bulblet number, the best treatments were ratios of nitrate to ammonium at the rates of 40:40, 40:25, 60:25 and 40:0. The comparison of means of dada showed that the highest content of carotenoid (4.838 mg/g Fw) was obtained from 80:25 ratio of nitrate to ammonium which had the significant differences with control and other treatments. However, the lowest content of this index was observed in nitrate to ammonium at the rates of 40:120 and 0:25 which also had the significant differences with control.
Conclusion: In general, the nitrate to ammonium ratio of 40:40 in compared to the other treatments had the better effects of measured indices and accumulation of ammonium in the plants texture was interrupted for the normal growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • In Vitro
  • ‌Lilium ledebourii
  • Micropropagation
  • Tissue culture

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پژوهش‌های تولید گیاهی
دوره 29، شماره 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 201-219

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