The effect of molybdenum in B5 medium containing nitrate and ammonium on somatic embryogenesis of carrot petiole

One of the important methods of plant propagation in large scale so as genetic manipulation and artificial seed production is somatic embryogenesis technique. The obtained results from this methods related to different factors including condition of culture medium. Therefore, the aim of this study conduction were determining the role of molybdenum during carrot petiole somatic embryogenesis. At the first, sections of carrot petiole were cultured in modified B5 medium as embryogenesis induction phase. In this study different treatments on carrot petiole somatic embryogenesis were investigated. So as B5 medium containing nitrate alone, B5 medium containing nitrate and ammonium that molybdenum was added in standard concentration (0.99mg/L) from some of them and remove from others. After one month, the explants subcultured in realization medium with same condition of induction medium but without 2,4-D. After six weeks of realization, the number of roots and embryos were determined. The result shows, the most roots and globular embryos were formed in the medium containing only nitrate (with and without molybdenum). According to the statistical analysis, molybdenum affect root and globular embryos insignificantly in these media (P0.05). But, the most total embryos were produced and developed in medium containing both nitrate and ammonium with molybdenum. In medium containing both nitrate and ammonium, the embryos were developed with thick hypocotyls. The results showed that plants materials in medium without molybdenum apparent green color were increased that shows positive effect of reduced nitrogen on synthesis of chlorophyll the same as cytokines increases.