An investigation on positional relation of soil potassium distribution with growth attributes and rain-fed wheat

Background and objectives: Based on the principle "exist of crop differences in the field", a field of several hectares have basic variants in different parts of the agricultural potential. Accordingly, plant growth and development in various parts of the field is different. According to importance of wheat culturing in country, high area under cultivation, amount of consuming of this crop, fertilization costs, and destructive effects of residues of fertilizers used in Wheat field in contaminating the environment; identifying and studding on wheat needs to fertilizer requirement in different stages of growth is necessary and recommended. Use the right amount of fertilizer according to GPS ( i.e. global positioning system) points and following the precision farming methods will cause to increasing of yield, decreasing of fertilizers utilization and environmental pollution due to excessive use of fertilizers. In first time starting accurate fertilization, is required to detailed information from soil available potassium in the GPS points. As a results of last researches on studied soils, plants have shown different sensitivity to potassium deficiency. Therefore with detailed knowledge and point to point of field in crop improvement stage, field conditions will be investigated and take steps to improve the uniformity of the field.
Materials and Methods: To achieve the goal, the land area of 922 square meters, located on the farm 1 of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources was considered. The area study was divided into 40 plots and dry-land wheat (line 17) were cultured. In two stages, before planting and before heading, soil samples were taken from each plot and were stored to analyze the data.
Results: Our result showed that different parts of the farm had different requirements and performance and needs to apply different fertilizer levels in each part of the farm. The results indicated that the minimum and maximum amount of yield were 2999 and 4585 kilogram per hectares, respectively. Furthermore, measured potassium content in this stage had the highest correlation with the samples before planting. The minimum and maximum of potassium content were 180/25 and 483/93 milligram per kilogram. Based on the results, there is a good overlap between the wheat yield and the amount of soil potassium concentrations which obtained from the measurement. This overlap in time before the culture is better than the time before heading.
Conclusions: According to the results in the under study area, in wheat crop management practices for sustainable production by adopting precision farming techniques recommended. That Using it can be more accurate and more appropriate estimate of the need to apply fertilizer to the soil.
Keywords: Golestan province, Precision farming, GPS