Effects of sodium nitroprusside on physiological, biochemical and essence characteristics of savory (Satureja khuzestanica) under deficit water regimes

Document Type : original paper

Abstract

Background and objectives: Drought stress is one of the most important factors that it limites plant growth around of the world and it’s the most common environmental stress. Nowadays, the application of plant growth regulators has discussed for decreasing the negative effect of different stresses. Among these materials are Sodium nitroprusside that causes plant resistance for biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. Satureja khuzestanica is an annual medicinal plant from Lamiaceae a rich source of polyphenolic components and antioxidant activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate effect of sodium nitro prusside (SNP) application on physiological, biochemical and essential oil characteristics of Savory under deficit water regimes.
Materials and methods: This pot experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications at Gorgan University Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2016. The treatments were consisted of four levels for irrigation regimes (40 percent field capacity, 60 percent field capacity, 80 percent field capacity, 100 percent field capacity (control)) and three levels for Sodium nitroprusside (without sodium nitroprusside (control), 50 sodium nitroprusside, 100 mM). In this study, a, b and total chlorophyll content, leaf water ratio, proline, antioxidant activity with Baits, total phenol with folin siu caltive, essence percent, essence yield with Clevenger and distillation and were measured.
Results: The results showed that increasing water deficit, a, b and total chlorophyll content were decreased. Also, leaf water ratio was decreased (18.8 percent) with increasing water deficit to 40 percent field capacity. But, proline, antioxidant activity, total phenol, percentage of essence, essence yield were increased with decreasing to 1.41,0.63,20,07 and 0.02 percent, respectively with increasing water deficit to 40 percent FC. SNP had significant effects on the all of studied characteristic that this effects was maximum in 100mM. Interaction effects of Irrigation regime and SNP had significant effects on all of characteristic except of total phenol. The most value of proline, essential oil percent and antioxidant activity were obtained to 1.23, 0.24 and 4.48 percent in SNP 100 mM and 40 percent FC.
Conclusion: Generally, the results showed that by increasing water deficit, a, b and total chlorophyll content and leaf water ratio were decreased, in return, antioxidant activity, total phenol, percentage of essence were increased. However SNP treatment protected Savory from water deficit stress and decreased its damages. Therefore application of SNP for spraying can be recommended to decreased
adverse effects of water deficit In case of further experiments.

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References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 24, Issue 3
January 2018
Pages 55-70

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