Study on the adaptability of the some Greek olive varieties in Tarom region

Document Type : original paper

Authors

1 agricultural and natural resources research and education center of zanjan

2 Zanjan agricultural and natural resources research center

3 Agricultural and Natural Resources Reseach and Education Center of Zanjan

Abstract

Abstract
Background and Objective: Olive is one of the most important fruit trees in Zanjan province. Currently, Tarom County has the highest olive cultivation area in the country. Selection of suitable and compatible cultivars is one of the most important factors in the development of fruit trees cultivation in each region. Therefore, high yielding cultivars with favorable characteristics and adaptable to a special environmental conditions can be selected by investigating the diversity among different olive cultivars. This study was carried out to investigate the compatibility of six Greek olive cultivars for Tarom region.
Materials and Methods: This study was implemented during 2013 to 2015 in a randomized complete block design with three replications and six cultivars at Tarom Olive Research Station. The tested cultivars were Amphysis, Halkidiki, Megaron, Tiaki, Agromanaki and Patrini. Vegetative and reproductive characteristics such as tree height, tree width, TCSA, inflorescences per shoot, flowers per inflorescence, percentage of perfect flowers, percentage of fruit set and fruit characteristics such as fruit fresh weight, stone weight, pulp/stone ratio for 30 fruits per tree, fruit yield and oil content were measured. Fruit oil was extracted by using Soxhlet and Diethyl ether and the oil content was determined in dry and fresh matter. Data were analyzed using SAS statistical software.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between cultivars for all vegetative and reproductive characteristics. Tiaki and Halkidiki cultivars had the highest tree height and canopy width, while the Megaron cultivar had the lowest height and canopy width. In terms of number of inflorescences per shoot, Patrini and Megaron cultivars were superior to others. Percentage of fruit set varied depending on the cultivar and showed significant differences among the cultivars. Tiaki cultivar with 1.88 and halkidiki cultivar with 0.52 percent had the highest and lowest fruit set, respectively. fruit Fresh weight varied from 1.71 g in Tiaki to 8.38 g in Halkidiki cultivar. The highest fruit yield was obtained from Halkidiki, while Agromanaki cultivar had the lowest yield. The highest fruit yield efficiency belonged to the Megaron cultivar. Amphysis and Tiaki cultivars had the highest oil percentage in dry matter.
Conclusion: According to the results, Halkidiki and Megaron cultivars are suggested as dual-purpose cultivars for commercial orchards at Tarom and climatically similar conditions due to higher yields, large fruits and appropriate oil percentages. Moreover, Megaron cultivar can be suitable for high density production systems due to its moderate growth and high yield efficiency.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 26, Issue 3
November 2019
Pages 153-166

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