Usage of morphological and ISSR markers for investigation of Tea genotypes

Document Type : original paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Tea Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Lahijan, Iran

2 Tea Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Lahijan, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives: Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is one of the most important crops in nourth of Iran. Todays, many tea plants are being destroyed for various reasons, so having information about their genetics is helpful in designing breeding programs to reach appropriate plants for specific purposes. Therefore, in this research, the genetic diversity of some tea genotypes were identified in major cultivation regions of this crop in nourth of Iran with comparison by eight imported clones.
Materials and methods: In this study genetic diversity of 42 tea plants were investigated by useing of two morphological and ISSR markers. Morphological study was performed by descriptor that registered form for tea and 31 traits were checked out. After selecting young and well expanded leaves, their genomic DNA were extracted and 10 ISSR primer were used for investigation of genetic relationships between 42 tea genotypes. Collected data was analysed by Euclidean distances for Morphological markers and SM similarity coefficient for ISSR and clusters were designed based on UPGMA algorithm. PCA anayesd were done by SPSS.
Results: Comparative analysis on 31 morphological characteristics in tea genotypes and clone showed moderate variations and showed a narrow range. In cluster analysis at a difference of 6.6, the samples were divided into six groups; the main group consisted of the sixth group, which contained 88% of the samples. The results of PCA on morphological characters showed that the first, five principal components accounted for 54.21% of the total variance. Used of 10 ISSR primers produced 92 scorable bands that 72 of them were showed polymorphism pattern (78.26%). The PIC analysis showed ranging from 0.43 to 0.50. cophenetic test showed that SM similarity coefficient and UPGMA algorithm was the best for cluster analyses. According to ISSR data calculated similarity were range between 0.28- 0.93. In cluster analyses, samples at similarity 0.55 divided to four group that fourth group was the main created group and coverd 66.66% of samples. The results of PCA on ISSR data showed that the first, five principal components accounted for 72.98% of the total variance.
Conclusion: A significant variability was observed in the selected tea genotypes at morphological and molecular levels. Morphological study showed that distribution of tea plant in the past, although based on desirable characteristics, but due to the limited initial source of this plant, there is little variation among the genotypes of the regions. In relation to the ISSR marker, the polymorphism percentage and t polymorphic information content from the primers used in this study indicate the ability of these markers to differentiate the tea genotypes. From these results it could be understood that these series of characters and primers can distinguish genetic differences very well. Using these markers, genetic variation was observed between the genotypes of tea, but this diversity was not such as to be able to disrupt the genotypes of different regions. It seems that this separation could be achieved by increasing the number of primer combinations and using other markers such as SSR and SNP. Also, the results of this study showed that Iranian tea genotypes have high genetic variation because they are mostly reproduced sexually.

Keywords

References

1.Ahmadishad, M.A., Kazemitabar, S.K., Babaeian Jelodar, N.A., Gholami, M. and Kazemi Poshtmasari, H. 2009. An Assessment of genetic diversity in cultivated tea (Camellia sinensis L.) clones in Iran using RAPD markers,J. Crop Breed. 1: 4. 65-76. (In Persian)
2.Balasaravanan, T., Pius, P.K., Kumar, R.R., Muraleedharan, N. and Shasany, A.K. 2003 Genetic diversity among south Indian tea germplasm (Camellia sinensis, C. assamica and C. assamica spp. lasiocalyx) using AFLP markers. Plant Sci. 165: 2. 365-372.
3.Ben-Ying, L.I.U., You-Yong, L.I.,Yi-Chun, T.A.N.G., Li-Yuan, W.A.N.G., Cheng, H. and Ping-Sheng, W.A.N.G., 2010. Assessment of genetic diversity and relationship of tea germplasm in Yunnan as revealed by ISSR markers. Acta Agro. Sinic. 36: 3. 391-400.
 4.Chen, J., Wang, P., Xia, Y., Xu, M. and Pei, S. 2005. Genetic diversity and differentiation of Camellia sinensis L. (cultivated tea) and its wild relativesin Yunnan province of China, revealedby morphology, biochemistry and allozyme studies. Gen. Res. Crop Evol. 52: 1. 41-52.
5.Chen, L., Gao, Q.K., Chen, D.M. and Xu, C.J. 2005. The use of RAPD markers for detecting genetic diversity, relationship and molecular identification of Chinese elite tea genetic resources [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] preserved in a tea germplasm repository. Biodiver. Conserv. 14: 6. 1433-1444.
6.Dellaporta, S.L., Wood, J. and Hicks, J.B. 1983. A plant DNA minipreparation: version II. Plant. Mol. Boil. Rep.1: 4. 19-21.
7.Doebley, J. 1989. Isozymic evidence and the evolution of crop plants. In: Soltis D.E. and Soltis P.S. (eds), Isozymes in Plant Biology, Dioscorides, Portland, OR, Pp: 165-191.
8.Graham, J., McNicol, R.J. and McNicol, J.W. 1996. Acomparision of methodsfor the estimation of genetic diversity
in strawberry cultivars. Theor. Appl. Gen. 93: 402-406.
9.Hedric, P.W. 1998. Genetic of population. Arizona State University. 553p.
10.IPGRI. 2000. Descriptors for tea. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy, Available at: http://www.cgiar.org/ipgri./
11.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh. and Falakro. K. 2017. Investigation of Genetic Diversity between Tea Shrubs Based on ISSR Markers, The first National Conference of Ecology, Diversity and Plant Conservation, 2017.02.15, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
12.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh. and Ashourpour, M. 2017. Characterization of the Genetic Relationships among some of Iranian Apple GenotypesUsing RAPD Markers, J. Agri. Comm. 5: 2. 1‐7.
13.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh., Azadi Gonabd, R., Falakro, K. and Nasrolahzadeh, S. 2018. Assessment of genetic diversity among some selected tea genotypes from west of Mazandadaran using morphological markers, 1st national congress of horticulture and crop production, 2018, jan, 25, Gonbad Kavous university, Gonbad Kavous, Iran. (In Persian)
14.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh., Falakro. K., Chaichi Siahkali, H. and Keshavarzi, Sh. 2016. Study of Diversity between Tea Genotypes in Lahijan Region, The third international and sixth national conference of medical herbs and stable agriculture. 2016.12.01. Hamedan. Iran. (In Persian)
15.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh., Hamid Oghli, Y., Golein, B. and Sabouri, S. 2016. Study of genetic diversity of some Iranian acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) genotypes using AFLP marker, Plant. Prod. Res. J. 23: 3. 81-96.(In Persian)
16.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh., Hamid oghli, Y., Golein, B. and Sabouri, A. 2016. Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Some Limes in Three Regions of Iran, Using Morphological and ISSR Markers, J. Agri. Comm. 4: 3. 18‐29.
17.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh., Hamid oghli, Y., Golein, B. and Sabouri, A. 2015. Evaluation of genetic diversity in Acid Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) genotypes using AFLP Markers, Aust. J. Crop Sci. 9: 10. 996-1002.
18.Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, Sh., Pishdad, A., Mohaghegh Montazeri, M. and Mozafari, S. 2017. Assessment of Genetic Variation among Some Tea Genotypes from Lahijan by using Morphological Markers, 1st international conference and 10th national horticulture science congress of Iran. 4-7 September, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
19.Kafkas, S., Ercisxli, S., Dogan, Y., Erturk, Y., Haznedar, A. and Sekban, R. 2009. Polymorphism and genetic relationships among tea genotypes from turkey revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 134: 428-434.
 20.Karkousis, A., Barr, A.R., Chalmers, K.J., Ablett, G.A., Holton, T.A., Henry, R.J., Lim, P. and Langridge, P. 2003. Potential of SSR markers for plant breeding and variety identification in Australian Barley germplasm. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 54: 1197-1210.
21.Khadivi-Khub, A., Jahangirzadeh, Sh., Zamani, Z., Ahadi, E. and Aliyoun Nazari, S. 2014. Nuclear and chloroplast DNA variety and phylogeny ofIranian apples (Malus domistica),Plant System. Evol. 1: 300: 8. 1803-17.
22.Liu, B.Y., Wang, L.Y., Li, Y.Y., He, W., Zhou, J. and Wang, P.S. 2009. Genetic diversity in tea (Camellia sinensis) germplasms as revealed by ISSR markers. Ind. J. Agric. Sci.79: 9. 715-721.
23.Ma, J.Q., Yao, M.Z., Ma, C.L.,Wang, X.C. and Jin, J.Q. 2014. Construction of a SSR-based genetic map and identification of QTLs for catechins content in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). Plos. One. 9: 3. e93131.
24.Rajanna, L., Ramakrishnan, M. and Simon, L. 2011. Evaluation of morphological diversity in south Indian tea clones using statistical methods. Maejo Int. J. Sci. Technol. 5: 1. 1-12.
25.Ramakrishnan, M., Rajanna, L., Narayanaswamy, P. and Simon, L. 2009. Assessment of genetic relationship and hybrid evaluation studies in tea (Camellia sp.) by RAPD. Int. J. Plant Breed. 3: 144-148.
26.Rani, A., Singh, K., Ahuja, P.S.and Kumar, S. 2012. Molecular regulation of catechins biosynthesis in tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]. Gene. 495: 205-210.
27.Rohlf, F.J. 1998. NTSYS-pc Numerical taxonomy and Multivariate analysis system, Exeter software. Setauket.
New York.
 28.Roldain‐Ruiz, I., Calsyn, E., Gilliand, T.J., Coll, R., Van‐Eijk, M.J.T. andDe‐Loose, M. 2000. Estimating genetic conformity between related ryegrass (Lolium) varieties, 2 AFLP characterizations. Molec. Breed. 6: 593‐602.
29.Roy, S.C. and Chakraborty, B.N. 2009. Genetic diversity and relationships among tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivars as revealed by RAPD and ISSR based fingerprinting. Ind. J. Biotech. 8: 4. 370-376.
30.Song, Z.P., Xu, X., Wang, B., Chen, J.K. and Lu. B.R. 2003. Genetic diversity in the northernmost Oryza rufipogon populations estimated bySSR markers. Theor. Appl. Genet.107: 1492-1499.
31.Teixeira da Silva, J.A. 2005. Molecular markers for phylogeny, breeding and ecology in agriculture. In: Thangadurai, D., Pullaiah, T., Tripathy, L. (Eds) Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (Vol. III), Regency Publications, New Delhi, India, Pp: 221-256.
32.Thomas, J., Vijayan, D., Joshi, S.D., Lopez, S.J. and Kumar, R.R., 2006. Genetic integrity of somaclonal variants in tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O Kuntze) as revealed by inter simple sequence repeats. J. Biotech. 123: 2. 149-154.
33.Tu, M., Lu, B.R., Zhu, Y. and Wang, Y. 2007. Abundant within-varietal genetic diversity in rice germplasm from Yunnan Province of China revealed by SSR fingerprints. Biochem. Genet.45: 789-801.
34.Wolfe, A.D. 1998. Contributions of the polymerase chain reaction to plant systematics. DNA Sequencing, Pp: 43-86.
35.Wright, W. 1962. Tea classification revised. Curr. Sci. Bangalore, 31: 298-299.
36.Yao, M.Z., Chen, L. and Liang,Y.R. 2008. Genetic diversity amongtea cultivars from China, Japan and Kenya revealed by ISSR markers andits implication for parental selectionin tea breeding prog. Plant Breed.127: 166-172.
Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 26, Issue 4
February 2020
Pages 131-147

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics