Introducing inexpensive in vitro solid culture medium for producing high quality Phalaenopsis orchid plantlets

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 . M.Sc. Student, Horticultural Sciences Ornamental Plants Trend, Dept. of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran

2 Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Dept. of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran

3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Food Science Technology, Aburaihan Campus University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran

4 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives: Orchids, especially Phalaenopsis orchids, are known as one of the most popular ornamental plants in the world markets. The use of in vitro cultivation system is the only way to produce these orchid plantlets. Producers of this plant have to buy and import it from foreign companies. Currently, increasing the costs of plantlet production and cultivation in the country, which requires the buy of imported chemicals for prepare in vitro culture media, has caused problems for domestic producers of this product. Therefore, making a suitable and low-cost culture medium to produce inexpensive and high-quality tissue culture seedlings on a commercial large scale was the main purpose for this study.
Materials and methods: In this study, 5 mm protocorm explants were cultured in eight treatments of culture media (including 1/2 MS (control), FAST and six types of hand-made medium used of made in Iran inexpensive fertilizers with numbers one to six (M6 to M1) were named) and three replications in a completely randomized design. Explants were subcultured every 30 days and their total fresh weight was recorded. Also, three months after cultivation, some physiological traits (total fresh and dry weight, leaf and root dry weight), biochemical (concentration of photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanins and soluble, storage and total carbohydrates) and maximum efficiency of photosystem II were measured in plantlets.
Results: The results showed that plants grown in different culture media in all traits had a significant difference at the level of 1% probability. The highest total fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments and the maximum efficiency of photosystem II, occurred in M5 and M6 culture media and the lowest in M2. Also, M6 with 155.7 and 1/2 MS 40.2 mg g-1, respectively, had the highest and lowest total carbohydrate content. The highest (31.3 μmol g-1) and lowest (14.9 μmol g-1) anthocyanin content were observed in M2 and 1/2 MS culture media, respectively.
Conclusion: By adding banana powder and activated charcoal to M5 (300,000 Rials and 7.15 $) and M6 (440,000 Rials and 10.52 $) inexpensive culture media compared to orchid conventional culture media (1/2 MS and FAST) and reducing in vitro cultivation costs 23% and 12%, respectively, were selected as suitable low-cost solid culture media for growth and development of Phalaenopsis orchid plantlets, which according to the biomass partitioning curve can be introduced M6 as an inexpensive and suitable culture medium due to the production of more well-formed plants in comparison of all culture media.

Keywords

References

1.Gnasekaran, P., Rathinam, X., Sinniah, U.R. and Subramaniam, S. 2010. A study on the use of organic additives on the protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) growth of Phalaenopsis violacea orchid. J. Phytol. 2: 1. 29-33.
2.Pereira, N.S., Ferreira, B.R.R., de Carvalho, E.M. and Damiani, C.R. 2018. Application of Chlorella sorokiniana (Chlorophyceae) as supplement and/or an alternative medium for the in vitro cultivation of Schomburgkia crispa (Orchidaceae). J. Appl. Phycol.30: 4. 2347-2358.
3.Daud, N., Taha, R.M., Noor, N.N.M. and Alimon, H. 2011. Potential of alternative gelling agents in media for the in vitro micro-propagation of Celosia sp. Int. J. Bot. 7: 2. 183-188.
4.Swamy, M.K., Mohanty, S.K. and Anuradha, M. 2014. The effect of plant growth regulators and natural supplements on in vitro propagation of Pogostemon cablin Benth. J. Crop Sci. Biotechnol. 17: 2. 71-78.
5.do Valle Rego-Oliveira, L. and de Faria, R.T. 2005. In vitro propagation of Brazilian orchids using traditional culture media and commercial fertilizers formulations. Acta Sci. Agron. 27: 1. 1-4.
6.Pathak, P., Piri, H., Vij, S., Mahant, K. and Chauhan, S. 2011. In vitro propagation and mass scale multiplication of a critically endangered epiphytic orchid, Gastrochilus calceolaris (Buch.-Ham ex JE Sm.) D. Don. using immature seeds. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 49: 9. 711-716.
7.Akter, S., Nasiruddin, K. and Khaldun, A. 2007. Organogenesis of Dendrobium orchid using traditional media and organic extracts. J. Agric. Rural Dev.pp. 30-35.
8.Saraswathi, M.S., Uma, S., Kannan, G., Selvasumathi, M., Mustaffa, M.M. and Backiyarani, S. 2016. Cost-effective tissue culture media for large-scale propagation of three commercial banana (Musa spp.) varieties. J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol. 91: 1. 23-29.
9.Arnon, A. 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agron. J.23: 1. 112-121.
10.Favetta, V., Colombo, R.C., Júnior, J.F.M. and de Faria, R.T. 2017.Light sources and culture media in thein vitro growth of the Brazilian orchid Microlaelia lundii. Semin. Cienc. Agrar. 38: 4. 1775-1784.
11.Wagner, G.J. 1979. Content and vacuole/extravacuole distribution of neutral sugars, free amino acids, and anthocyanin in protoplasts. Plant Physiol. 64: 1. 88-93.
12.McCready, R.M., Guggolz, J.,Silviera, V. and Owens, H.S. 1950. Determination of Starch and Amylosein Vegetables. Analytical Chem.22: 9. 1156-1158.
13.Yemm, E. and Willis, A. 1954.The estimation of carbohydrates inplant extracts by anthrone. Biochem. J. 57: 3. 508-514.
14.Genty, B., Briantais, J.M. and Baker, N.R. 1989. The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. Biochimi. Biophys. Acta. Gen. Subj. 990: 1. 87-92.
15.Aliniaeifard, S., Malcolm Matamoros, P. and van Meeteren, U. 2014. Stomatal malfunctioning under low VPD conditions: Induced by alterations in stomatal morphology and leaf anatomy or in the ABA signaling? Physiol. Plant. 152: 4. 688-699.
16.Hashemi Fadaki, E., Fakheri, B., MahdiNezhad, N. and Mohammadpour Vashvaei, R. 2018. Effects of nano and nano bio-fertilizer on physiological, biochemical characteristics and yield of roselle (Hibisicus sabdariffa L.) under drought stress. Agric. Crops Prod.20: 1. 45-66. (In Persian)
17.Hossain, M.M., Sharma, M. and Pathak, P. 2009. Cost effective protocol for in vitro mass propagation of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw.- a medicinally important orchid. Engi. Life Sci.9: 6. 444-453.
18.Musapour Yahyaabadi, H., Asghari Pour, M. and Basiri, M. 2016. The role of chitosan in improving salinity resistance by affecting some morphological and physiological characteristics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). J. Sci. Technol. Greenhouse Cult. 7: 25. 165-174. (In Persian)
19.Cakmak, I. 2000. Tansley reviewno. 111: Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. New Phytol. 146: 2. 185-205.
20.Fathi Amir Khiz, K., Amini Dehqi, M. and Heshmati, S. 2015. Investigation for the effect of iron chelate on chlorophyll content, quantum efficiency of photosystem II and some biochemical traits in safflower under lowirrigation conditions. Iranian Crop Sci. 46: 1. 137-145. (In Persian)
21.Rengel, Z. 1995. Carbonic Anhydrase Activity in Leaves of Wheat Genotypes Differing in Zn Efficiency. J. Plant Physiol. 147: 2. 251-256.
22.Garstka, M., Venema, J.H., Rumak, I., Gieczewska, K., Rosiak, M., Koziol-Lipinska, J., Kierdaszuk, B., Vredenberg, W.J. and Mostowska, A. 2007. Contrasting effect of dark-chilling on chloroplast structure and arrangement of chlorophyll–protein complexes in pea and tomato: plants with a different susceptibility to non-freezing temperature. Planta. 226: 5. 1165.
23.Romanowska, E., Drożak, A., Pokorska, B., Shiell, B.J. and Michalski, W.P. 2006. Organization and activity ofphotosystems in the mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of maize.J. Plant Physiol. 163: 6. 607-618.
24.Babaian, M., Heidary, M. and Ghanbari, A. 2020. Effect of drought stress and foliar application of micro elements on physiological characteristics and nutrient uptake in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). Iranian Crop Sci. 12: 4. 377-391.
(In Persian)
25.Mashayekhi, K., Sadeghi, H., Akbarpour, V., Atashi, S., Ghasemi, Y. and Mousavizadeh, J. 2014. Carbohydrate changes of Red Gold cultivar leaves and fruits during the growing season in Gorgan climatic conditions. Hort. Sci. 28: 1. 1-9. (In Persian)
26.Smith, M.R., Rao, I.M. and Merchant, A. 2018. Source-Sink Relationship in Crop Plants and Their Influence on Yield Development and Nutritional Quality. Front. Plant Sci. 9: 1889.
Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 29, Issue 2
August 2022
Pages 101-117

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics