Effect of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers in combination with planting management on morphological and physiological traits, seed yield, and mucilage yield of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk) under drought stress

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Agroecology, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

2 Corresponding Author, Associate Prof., Dept. of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

3 Professor, Dept. of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

4 Associate Prof., Dept. of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives: Because of the growing population and the pharmaceutical industry's urgent need for medicinal plants as raw materials for drug production, as well as the importance of their active ingredients in the food, cosmetics, and health industries, there has been increased interest and research on these plants in terms of cultivation, production, and consumption. Drought, as the most important non-living factor limiting plant growth and yield, causes or worsens other stresses, particularly nutrient deficiency stress in plants. Primary metabolite production decreases and increases with secondary metabolite production under drought stress conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drought stress, phosphorus fertilizers, and planting methods on some morphological and physiological traits, seed and mucilage yield of the medicinal plant isabgol.
Materials and methods: This experiment was carried out as a split-factorial in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications at Zabol University's research farm in Chah Nimeh. The experimental treatments included three drought stresses, irrigation after 60, 120 and 180 mm evaporation from a class A evaporator as the main-factor, and the combination of seed planting method (flat or ridge planting) and types of phosphorus fertilizer (100% chemical phosphorous fertilizer, Phosphate Barvar2, and 50% chemical phosphorous fertilizer + Phosphate Barvar2) as the sub-factor. Plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of fertile tillers, seed and biological yield, mucilage yield, SPAD index, ionic leakage percentage, and relative leaf water content were the traits studied.
Results: The results showed that the most plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of fertile tillers, seed and biological yield, mucilage yield, SPAD index and relative leaf water content were obtained in the greatest quantity from irrigation treatment after 60 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan, with the exception of ionic leakage, which was obtained in the greatest quantity from irrigation treatment after 180 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan. With the exception of ionic leakage, the combined bio-chemical fertilizers of phosphorus increased the studied traits. Also, except for ionic leakage, which had the highest values from the ridge planting method, the flat planting method increased the evaluated traits. The highest biological yield (6201 kg ha-1) is associated with irrigation treatment after 60 mm evaporation from evaporation pan with combined application of phosphorus fertilizers in flat planting method, and the highest ionic leakage (48%) is associated with irrigation treatment after 180 mm evaporation from evaporation pan with no fertilizer application in ridge planting method.
Conclusion: According to the findings, using irrigation treatment after 60 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan and a combination of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers in a flat planting method can result in increased production of the medicinal plant isabgol.

Keywords

References

1.Kashfi Bonab, A. 2010. Comparative economic advantage of cultivation and trade of medicinal plants in Iran and its value in world markets. J. Busi. Stud.44: 67-78. (In Persian)
2.Khorramdel, S. 2017. The need to develop the cultivation of medicinal plants and solutions to dehydration. The Second National Conference of rain-fed medicinal plants of Iran, Urmia.
3.Fallahi, H.R., Taherpour Kalantari, R., Asadian, A.H., Aghhavani-Shajari, M. and Ramazani, H.R. 2018. Effect of different soil fertilizing agents on growth and yield of Isabgol and Black seed as two medicinal plants. Irani. J. Field Crop Sci. 49: 1-11. (In Persian)
4.Singh, D., Chand, S., Anvar, M. and Patra, D. 2003. Effect of organic and inorganic amendment on growth and nutrient accumulation by isabgol (plantago ovata) in sodic soil under greenhouse conditions. J. Med. Aromat. Plant. Sci. 25: 414-419.
5.Sharma, A.K. 2002. Biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture. 1nd edition. Jodhpur: Agrobios, India. 45p.
6.Saleh Rastin, N. 2001. Biological fertilizers and their role in order to achieve sustainable agriculture. J. Soil and Water Speci. Biol. Fertil. 23: 19-23.
7.Shokouhfar, A. and Khani, S. 2019. Investigation of combined effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of phosphorus and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Qua. J. Plant Prod. Sci. 8: 83-93. (In Persian)
8.Amini, Z., Hosseini, S.M., Zarei, S., Madani, H. and Khani, M.R. 2011. Effect of planting pattern and Nitrogen amounts on yield and yield components of spring Safflower in Eghlid region, Fars Province. New Find. Agri. 5: 4. 341-354. (In Persian)
9.Pourghasemin, N. and Zahedi, M. 2009. Effects of planting pattern and level of soil moisture on yield and yield components of two safflower cultivars in Isfahan. J. Water Soil Sci. 13: 545-555. (In Persian)
10.Laribi, B., Bettaieb, I., Kouki, K., Sahli, A., Mougou, A. and Marzouk, B. 2009. Water deficit effects on caraway (Carum carvi L.) growth, essential oil and fatty acid composition. Ind. Crops Prod.30: 3. 372-379.
11.Koocheki, A.R., Tabrizi, L. and Nassiri Mahallati, M. 2007. The Effects of irrigation intervals and manure on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Plantago ovata and Plantago psyllium. Asian J. Plant Sci. 6: 1229-1234.
12.Beltrano, J. and Ranco, G.M. 2008. Improved tolerance of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) to drought stress and rewatering by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus claroideum: Effect on growth and cell membrane stability. Brezil. Soc. Plant Physi.20: 1. 29-37.
13.Dhopte, A.M. and Manuel, L.M. 2002. Principals and Techniques for plant scientists. 1st Edn. Updesh purohit for Agrobios (India). Odhpur. 373p.
14.Kalyanasundaram, N.K., Sriram, S., Patel, B.R., Patel, D.H., Dalal, K.C. and Gupta, R. 1984. Psyllium: A monopoly of Gujarat. Indian J. Hort. 28: 35-37.
15.Sharma, P.K. and Koul, A.K. 1986. Mucilage in seeds of Plantago ovata and its wild allies. J. Ethnoph. 17: 289-295.
16.Khan, M.J., Khattak, R.A. and Khan, M.A. 2000. Influence of sowing methods on the productivity of canola grown in saline field. Pak. J. Bio. Sci.3: 4. 687-691.
17.Ram, H., Singh, G., Aggarwal, N. and Kaur, J. 2011. Soybean (Glycine max) growth, productivity and water use under different sowing methods and seeding rates in Punjab. Indian J. Agron. 56: 4. 377-380.
18.Ghasemian, V., Shafagh, J. and Pirzad, A. 2017. Effect of fertilizer treatments and irrigation regimes on Lallemantia iberica seed mucilage yield and compounds. Agric. Sci. Sustain. Prod.27: 17-31. (In Persian)
19.Fatma, A.G., Lobna, A.M. and Osman, N.M. 2008. Effect of compost and biofertilizers on growth yield and essential oil of sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis) plant. Inter. J. Agri. Biol. 10: 4. 381-387.  
20.Mousavinik, M. 2012. Effect of drought stress and sulphur fertilizer on quantity and quality yield of psyllium (Plantago ovata L.) in Baluchestan. J. Agroe.4: 2. 170-182. (In Persian)
21.Mohammadpour Vashvaei, R., Ghanbari, A. and Fakheri, B.A. 2017. Effect of bio-fertilizers in combination with different rates of chemical fertilizers on the growth characters and sepals yield of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). J. Agroe. 9: 276-295. (In Persian)
22.Bhardwaj, D., Ansari, M.W.,Sahoo, R.K. and Tuteja, N. 2014. Biofertilizers function as key player in sustainable agriculture by improving soil fertility, plant tolerance and crop productivity. Microbial cell factories. doi: 10.1186/ 1475-2859-13-66 (http:// www.microbialcellfactories.com/ content/ 13/1/66).
23.Vakili Shahrbabaki, S.M.A. and Nasr, N. 2015. Effects of phosphorus and zinc on yield and yield components of Plantago ovata Forsk. Irani. J. Medi. Arom. Plants. 31: 891-902. (In Persian)
24.Kafi, M., Borzoee, A., Salehi, M., Kamandi, A., Masoumi, A. and Nabati, J. 2009. Physiology of environmental stresses in plants. Press University Jihad of Mashhad. 502p. (Translated in Persian)
25.Esmaielpour, B., Jalilvand, P. and Hadian, J. 2013. Effects of drought stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on some morphophysiological traits and yield of savory (Satureja hortensis L.). J. Agroe. 5: 2. 169-177. (In Persian)
26.Imani, M.R. 2013. Effect of autumn sowing date and planting method on yield and yield components of spinach cv. varamin 88. Seed Plant Prod. J.28: 4. 449-457. (In Persian)
27.Anjum, S, Nbsp, E., Ashraf, U., Tanveer, M., Qamar, R. and Khan, I. 2014. Morphological and phenological attributes of maize affected bydifferent tillage practices and varied sowing methods. Ameri. J. Plant Sci.5: 1657-1664.
28.Ramroudi, M., Bagheri, M. and Forouzandeh, M. 2019. Effect of application of biofertilizers and water treatments on yield, yield components and swelling index of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forssk.). J. Agro. 11: 3. 1037-1048. (In Persian)
29.Pouryousef, M., Mazaheri, D., Chaiechi, M.R., Rahimi, A. and Tavakoli, A. 2011. Effect of different soil fertilizing treatments on some of agro morphological traits and mucilage of Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk). J. Crop Prod. 3: 2. 193-213. (In Persian)
30.Ghaffari Nejad, S.A., Nourgholipour, F. and Gheybi, M.N., 2020. Biostimulants and their roles in plant physiology, nutrient absorption, and tolerance to abiotic stresses. J. Land Manag.8: 1. 47-67. (In Persian)
31.Yousefi, A., Pouryousef, M. and Mardani, R. 2016. Evaluation ofwheat yield and weed biomass underplanting patterns and irrigation regimes. J. Agric. Know. Sustain. Prod. 26: 17-30. (In Persian)
32.Khavari, M., Behdani, M.A. and Fallahi, H.R. 2019. Influence of plant density, single and combined application of
cow manure and chemical fertilizer on seed and mucilage yields in isabgol (Plantago ovata Forssk.). J. Agroe.11: 3. 1139-1150. (In Persian)
33.Ghasemi, K., Fallah, S., Raeisi, F. and Heidrari, M. 2014. The effect urea and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of isabgol (Plantago ovata Frosk.) medicinal plant. J. Plant Prod. Res. 20: 4. 101-116. (In Persian)
34.Karami, A., Sepehri, A., Hamzei, J. and Salimi, Gh. 2011. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorous biofertilizers on quantitative and qualitative traits of borage (Borago officinalis L.) under water deficit stress. Crop Prod. Techn. 11: 1. 37-50. (In Persian)
35.Rahimi, A., Jahansoz, M.R., Rahimian Mashhadiz, Pouryousef, M. and Roosta, H.R. 2009. Effect of drought and plant density on yield and phonological stages of isabgol and French psyllium with using growth degree days. Elect. J. Crop Prod. 2: 57-74. (In Persian)
36.Ranjan, Sh., Sow, S., Choudhury, S.R., Kumar, S. and Ghosh, M., 2020. Biofertilizer as a novel tool for enhancing soil fertility and crop productivity: A review. Inter. J. Cur. Micro. Appl. Sci. 11: 653-665.
37.Sahib Hasan, M., Selahvarzi, Y., Nabati, J. and Azizi, M. 2020. Effects of drought stress and bio-fertilizers on some growth, photosynthetic pigments, morphophysiological and biochemical traits of Calendula officinalis. J. Plant Proc. Fun. 9: 135-152. (In Persian)
38.Kumar, I., Meena, R.M., Meena, A.K., and Meena, M.K. 2018. Growth, yield and economics of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) influenced by land configuration practices. J. Pharma. Phytoch. 7: 3425-3428.
39.Roumani, A., Biabani, A., Rahemi Karizaki, A., Gholamalipour Alamdari, E. and Gholizadeh, A. 2020. The response of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forssk.) to foliar application of salicylic acid and spermine under drought stress conditions. Envi. Stres. Crop Sci. 13: 503-517. (In Persian)
40.Koocheki, A., Bakhshaei, S., Tabarraei, A. and Jafari, L. 2014. Effect of plant density and planting pattern on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Balangu (Lallenamntia royleana Benth.). J. Agroe. 6: 229-237. (In Persian)
41.Kabiri, R., Nasibi, F. and Farahbakhsh, H. 2013. Study of some oxidative parameters due to drought stress in Black cumin plant under hydroponic cultivation. Plant Proc. Fun. 2: 11-19.
42.Ghadami Firouzabadi, A., Raeini, M., Shahnazari, A. and Zare Abyane, H. 2014. Variation of chlorophyll, leaf Area index and root parameters of sunflower under, regulated deficit and partial root zone drying irrigation. Plant Prod. Techn. 6: 1. 69-79. (In Persian)
43.Moosavifar, B.E., Behdani, M.A, Jami Alahmadi, M. and Hosaini Bojd, M.S. 2011. Changes of chlorophyll index (SPAD), relative water content, electrolyte leakage and seed yield in spring safflower genotypes under irrigation termination. Irani. J. Field Crops Res. 9: 3. 525-534. (In Persian)
44.Torabi Giglou, M., Heydanajad, R., Esmaeilpour, B. and Azarmi, R. 2020. Effect of different concentrations of kitoplas growth stimulator on morphological characteristics and essential oil in Peppermint plant underlow irrigation stress. J. Agri. Sci. Sustain. Prod. 30: 169-184. (In Persian)
45.Akrami Nejad, O., Saffari, M. and Abdolshahi. R. 2016. Effect of organic and ohemical fertilizers on yield and essential oil of two ecotypes of Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) under normal and drought stress conditions. Irani. J. Field Crops Res. 13: 4. 675-686. (In Persian)
46.Jamshidi, A.M., Ahmadi, A., Karimi, M. and Motesharezadeh, B. 2020. Evaluation of some growth and physiological responses of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) to various moisture regimes. Irani. J. Field Crop Sci.50: 99-110. (In Persian)   
47.Soleymani Sardoo, M., Galavi, M., Fanaei, H.R. and Ramroudi, M. 2020. Evaluation of yield, water productivity and some crop characteristics of safflower in different planting methods with Zn Nano chelate spraying under drought stress. Envi. Stres. Crop Sci.12: 4. 1189-1203. (In Persian)
48.Ahmadi, H., Abbasi, A., Taleei, A. and Mohammadi, V. 2021. Physiological and biochemical changes and calcium-dependent protein kinase expression in canola (Brassica napus L.) under salinity stress. Envir. Stres. Crop Sci. 14: 1. 171-182. (In Persian)
49.Rahimi, A., Jahansooz, M.R., Rahimian mashhadi, H., Pouryousef, M. and Maddah Hosseini, Sh. 2009. The effect of water stress on photosynthesis traits of two plantago species. J. Crops Imp. 11: 49-63. (In Persian)
50.Nazari Nasi, H., Amirnia, R. and Zardashti, M.R. 2018. Effect of drought stress and biofertilizers on some physiological characteristics and grain yield of medicinal pumpkin plants. J. Crops Imp. 20: 205-217. (In Persian)
51.Inanlofar, M., Omidi, H. and Pazaki, A. 2013. Morphological, agronomic and oil content changes of common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) under the influence of drought and nitrogen biochemical fertilizer. J. Medic. Plants. 12: 170-184. (In Persian)
Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 29, Issue 2
August 2022
Pages 137-157

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics