Biochemical characteristics, yield and quality of ‘Jumilia’ rose grown under different light sources in the greenhouse condition

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Dept. of Horticulture and Landscape, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

2 Corresponding Author, Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticulture and Landscape, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

4 Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Rose is one of the most well-known ornamental cut flowers all over the world and high quality cut roses production in greenhouses is very important. Rose flower is a light-loving plant among ornamental flowers, and providing adequate light during the cultivation period is one of the important measures in increasing the yield and quality of greenhouse roses, in low light and cloudy days. Increasing the light available to roses in greenhouse cultivation is done by using supplementary light sources. During the last few years, the use of new supplementary lights as an alternative to old light sources in improving the growth and development conditions of ornamental plants has received much attention. For this purpose, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of supplementary light source on the morphological and physiological indicators of ‘Jumilia’ rose. New supplementary lights, including combined light emitting diode (LED), were compared to conventional and old light sources such as metal halide (MH) and high-pressure sodium (HPS) to determine the optimal supplementary light source for the production of ‘Jumilia’ cut roses by hydroponic method, and natural sunlight during the cold season was used as control.

Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with four light treatment groups including metal vapor supplementary lights, sodium high pressure, combined light emitting diodes and control (natural sunlight without supplementary exposure) in three replications and each replication includes four plants. The experiment was carried out in the specialized rose greenhouse located in the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture of Isfahan University of Technology in 1399-1400. In this research, morphological and physiological traits including bud length, flower stem diameter, calyx diameter, number of leaves at the time of flowering, number of flowers, amount of leaf chlorophylls a and b, relative leaf water content, leaf protein and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence of ‘Jumilia’ rose was measured.

Results: Based on the obtained results, the effect of supplementary light treatments on the morphogenesis, morphological and physiological traits of ‘Jumilia’ cut roses were significant. Compared to the control treatment, the treatment of combined light diodes had the greatest effect on the indicators of bud length, diameter of flower stalk and diameter of calyx; A similar result was obtained in increasing the number of leaves and the number of flower branches. Also, the accumulation of leaf photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophylls, showed the greatest increase in light treatment with combined diodes. Growth light diodes were able to increase the relative water content of leaves significantly compared to other treatments. The amount of protein measured in rose leaf tissue treated with combined light diodes was higher than other treatments. By examining the chlorophyll fluorescence index, it was found that light diodes provided more suitable growing conditions for the growth of rose bushes. Among the investigated treatments, the highest quantity and quality of ‘Jumilia’ cut roses were created by combined light emitting diode treatments compared to other supplementary light treatments as well as the control treatment.

Conclusion: Considering the favorable effects of combined light diode treatments on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ‘Jumilia’ rose and considering the higher energy efficiency and economic efficiency in a longer period of time in greenhouse cultivation, the use of combined light diodes in lighting supplementation of intensive crops is a priority. Combined diode supplementary lights are recommended due to their significant superiority over the control and their positive role in improving the growth and development of ‘Jumilia’ roses; Also, the complementary light of combined diodes is recommended as an alternative to metal vapor and high pressure sodium.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

1.Kumar, N., Srivastava, G. C. & Dixit, K. (2008). Flower bud opening and senescence in roses (Rosa hybrid L.). Plant Growth Regulation, 55(2), 81-99.
2.Taiz, L., Zeiger, E. & Moller, I. M. (2015). Murphy A Plant Physiology and Development. Sinauer Associates. Incorporated. CT. USA.
3.Terfa, M. T., Solhaug, K. A., Gislerød, H. R., Olsen, J. E. & Torre, S. (2013). A high proportion of blue light increases the photosynthesis capacity and leaf formation rate of Rosa hybrida but does not affect time to flower opening. Physiologia Plantarum, 148(1), 146-159.
4.Sabzalian, M. R., Heydarizadeh, P., Zahedi, M., Boroomand, A., Agharokh, M., Sahba, M. R. & Schoefs, B. (2014). High performance of vegetables, flowers, and medicinal plants in a red-blue LED incubator for indoor plant production. Agronomy for sustainable development, 34(4), 879-886.
5.Bayat, L., Arab, M., Aliniaeifard, S., Seif, M., Lastochkina, O. & Li, T. )2018(. Effects of growth under different light spectra on the subsequent high light tolerance in rose plants. AoB Plants, 10(5), 052.
6.Massa, G. D., Kim, H. H., Wheeler, R. M. & Mitchell, C. A. (2008). Plant productivity in response to LED lighting. HortScience, 43, 1951-1955.
7.Oh, W., Runkel, E. S. & Warner, R.M. (2010). Timing and duration of supplemental lighting during the seedling stage influence quality and flowering in petunia and pansy. HortScience, 45, 1332-1337.
8.Terfa, M. T., Poudel, M. S., Roro, A. G., Gislerød, H. R., Olsen, J. E. & Torre, S. (2012). Light emitting diodes with a high proportion of blue light affects external and internal quality parameters of pot roses differently than the traditional
high pressure sodium lamp. In VII International Symposium on Light in Horticultural Systems, 956, 635-642.
9.Ha, S. T. T., In, B. C. & Lim, J. H. (2020). LED light improves postharvest quality and longevity of cut rose flowers' Lovely Lydia'. In III International Symposium on Germplasm of Ornamentals. 1291, 261-268.
10.Särkkä, L. E., Jokinen, K., Ottosen, C. O. & Kaukoranta, T. (2017). Effects of HPS and LED lighting on cucumber leaf photosynthesis, light quality penetration and temperature in the canopy, plant morphology and
yield. Agricultural and food science,
26 (2), 102-110.
11.Stutte, G. W. (2009). Light-emitting diodes for manipulating the phytochrome apparatus. HortScience, 44, 231-234.
12.Lim, M. K., Lee, H. J. & Kim, W. S. (2017). Effects of ultraviolet A (UVA) + light emitting diode (LED) irradiation on the cut flower quality and vase life of the oriental Hybrid Lily ‘Siberia’ simulated exportation. Flower Research Journal, 25 (3), 118-123.
13.Heo, J. W., Chakrabarty, D. & Paek, K. Y. (2004). Longevity and quality of cut ‘Master’ carnation and ‘Red Sandra’ rose flowers as affected by red light. Plant Growth Regulation, 42(2), 169-174.
14.Evelyn, S., Farrell, A., Elibox, W., De Abreu, K. & Umaharan, P. )2020(. The impact of light on vase life in (Anthurium andraeanum Hort.) cut flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 159, 110984.
15.Heo, J. W., Lee, C. W., Murthy, H. & Paek, K. Y. (2003). Influence of light quality and photoperiod on flowering of Cyclamen persicum Mill. cv. Dixie White. Plant Growth Regulation, 40, 7-10.
16.Hovi-Pekkanen, T. & Tahvonen, R. (2008). Effects of interlighting on yield and external fruit quality in year-round cultivated cucumber. Scientia Horticulturea, 116(2), 152-161.
17.Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). Chlorophyll and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in enzymology, 148, 350-382.
18.Yamasaki, S. & Dillenburg, L. R. (1999). Measurements of leaf relative water content in Araucaria angustifolia. Revista Brasilleira de fisiologia vegetal, 11(2), 69-75.
19.Bradford, M. M. )1976(. Rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical biochemistry, 72, 248-25.
20.Genty, B., Briantais, J. M. & Baker, N. R. (1989). The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA), 990, 87-92.
21.Alsanius, B. W., Bergstrand, K. J., Hartmann, R., Gharaie, S., Wohanka, W., Dorais, M. & Rosberg, A. K. (2017). Ornamental flowers in new light: artificial lighting shapes the microbial phyllosphere community structure of greenhouse grown sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.). Scientia Horticulture, 216, 234-247.
22.Appelgren, M. (2003). Effects of light quality on stem elongation of Pelargonium in vitro. Scientia Horticulturea, 45, 345-351.
23.Dougher, T. A. & Bugbee, B. G. )2004(. Long-term blue light effects on the histology of lettuce and soybean leaves and stems. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 129, 467-472.
24.Kumar, M., Singh, V. P., Arora, A. & Singh, N. (2014). The role of abscisic acid (ABA) in ethylene insensitive Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflora Hort.) flower senescence. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36, 151-159.
25.Li, H., Xu, Z. & Tang, C. (2010). Effect of light-emitting diodes on growth and morphogenesis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plantlets in vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 103, 155-163.
26.Lokstein, H., Renger, G. & Götze, J. P. (2021). Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting (Antenna) Complexes-Structures and Functions. Molecules, 26(11), 3378..
27.Neff, M. M. & Chory, J. (1998). Genetic interactions between phytochrome A, phytochrome B, and cryptochrome during Arabidopsis development. Plant physiology, 118, 27-35.
28.Wang, M., Xiao, J., Wei, H. & Jeong, B.R. (2020). Supplementary light source affects growth and development of carnation ‘Dreambyul’ cuttings. Agronomy, 10(8), p.1217.
29.Heo, J., Lee, C., Chakrabarty, D. & Paek, K. (2002). Growth responses of marigold and salvia bedding plants as affected by monochromic or mixture radiation provided by a light-emitting diode (LED). Plant Growth Regulation, 38(3), 225-230.
30.Nishida, K. (1963). Studies on stomatal movement of crassulaceae plants in relation to the acid metabolism. Physiologia Plantarum, 16, 281-298.
31.Fukuda, N., Ishii, Y., Ezura, H. & Olsen, J. E. (2009). Effects of light quality under red and blue light emitting diodes on growth and expression of FBP28 in petunia. In VI International Symposium on Light in Horticulture, 907, 361-366.
32.Neales, T. F. (1970). Effect of ambient carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of transpiration of Agave americana in the dark. Nature, 228, 880-882.
33.Lopez, R. G. & Runkle, E. R. (2008). Photosynthetic daily light integral during propagation influences rooting and growth of cuttings and subsequent development of New Guinea impatiens and petunia. HortScience, 43, 2052-2059.
34.Talbott, L. D., Zhu, J., Hon, S. W. & Zeiger, E. (2002). Phytochrome and blue light-mediated stomatal opening in the orchid, Paphiopedilum. Plant and cell physiology, 43, 639-646.
35.Fan, X., Zang, J., Xu, Z., Guo, X., Jiao, S., Liu, X. & Gao, Y. )2013). Effects of different light quality on growth, chlorophyll concentration and chlorophyll biosynthesis precursors of non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.). Acta physiologiae plantarum, 35(9), 2721-2726.
36.Hasan, M. M., Bashir, T., Ghosh, R., Lee, S. K. & Bae, H. (2017). An overview of LEDs’ effects on the production of bioactive compounds and crop quality. Molecules, 22, 1-12.
37.Arve, L. E., Terfa, M. T., Suthaparan, A., Poudel, M. S., Gislerød, H. R., Olsen J. E. & Torre, S. )2014(. Aerial environment and light quality during production affect postharvest transpiration of ornamentals. In XXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods and Landscapes (IHC2014), 1104, 197-204.
38.Sugawara, H., Shibuya, K., Yoshioka, T., Hashiba, T. & Satoh, S. (2002). Is a cysteine proteinase inhibitor involved in the regulation of petal wilting in senescing carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers? Journal of Experimental Botany, 53, 407-413.
39.Sood, Sh., Vyas, D. & Nagar, P. K. (2006). Physiological and biochemical studies during flower development in two rose species. Scientia Horticulturea, 108, 390-396.
40.Corbesier, L., Bernier, G. & P´erilleux, C. )2002(. C: N Ratio increases in the phloem sap during floral transition of the long-day plants Sinapis alba and Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant and Cell Physiology, 43, 684-688.
Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 30, Issue 3
July 2023
Pages 1-19

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics