Investigation of the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on morphological, physiological, and antioxidative enzymes of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under arsenic stress

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Graduate, Dept. of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

2 Corresponding Author, Professor, Dept. of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

4 Associate Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

5 Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Sweat basil (Ocimum basilicum L. ) is an annual herb belongs to Lamiaceae family and demands for its in increasing because of uses as vegetable, medicinal and cosmetic plant in the world wide. Metals and/or metalloids that have specific weights higher than about 5g/cm3 are known as heavy metals. Arsenic (As) is recognized as one of the most important heavy metal in the world. Heavy metals are significant environmental contaminants, and their toxicity is a problem for all living organisms. Heavy metals inhibit physiological processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, cell elongation, plant-water relationship, N-metabolism and mineral nutrition in plants. According to history of application of plant growth regulators as new procedure for confronting with environment stresses and adjustment of its dangerous effects on plant growth and development, this study carried out to investigation the reduction or balancing effects of 5-ALA on hazard effects of As on morphological and physiological properties of basil.

Material and methods: In this examination basil plant cultivated in two groups of As-contaminated and As-noncontaminated soils. For study of foliar application of 5-ALA in three concentrations (0, 10 and 20 mg/L) on morphological and physiological traits of basil conducted in the greenhouse in form of completely randomized design in four replication carried out.

Results: The analysis of results showed that arsenic stress decreased the content of basil morphological properties but the treatment of 5-ALA to some extent improved the content of these properties. Also the physiological properties such as anthocyanin, phenol, flavonoid, proline, soluble sugar, DPPH, MDA, guaicol peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, RWC and ion leakage significantly affected by arsenic contamination and 5-ALA spraying and reaction of these. In the case of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids) were affected by arsenic contamination and spraying of 5-ALA but the reaction of these factors on these adjectives was not significant. Arsenic stress decreased the basil growth and photosynthetic pigments and on the other hand electrolyte leakage and MDA content were increased. Actually, the spraying of 5-ALA with the increase of proline and antioxidant enzymes reduced the negative effects of arsenic stress.

Conclusion: According to the reduction and inhibition effects of arsenic on the growth and development of basil, and the effects of 5-ALA decline and adjustment on these factors, it can be said that the use of this component could be as a new way to some extent in reduction of dangerous effects of these environment contaminations on plants in the future studies should be considered.

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References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 31, Issue 2
July 2024
Pages 23-45

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