Document Type : scientific research article
Authors
1
Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
3
Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
4
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
5
Assistant professor. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Golestan, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract
Background and purpose: Broad bean (Vicia faba L.) which belongs to the Fabaceae family, is an herbaceous plant, with indetermined growth, wide range of adaptation and the highest amount of storage protein. Broad bean is considered as a cheap protein source for human and a good option in rotation with cereals and oilseeds due to the high level of nitrogen bio fixation and breaking the cycle of diseases. In this research, the effect of foliar feeding of sucrose and amino acid glutamine on the yield and yield components of tannin-containing (Barket and Shadan) and low amount of tannin (Mehta) varieties of broad bean was evaluated.
Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted as a factorial with two factors based on randomized complete block design in three replications and as a field experiment in Behshahr city. The first factor was broad bean cultivars (Barkat, Shadan, and Mehta) and the second factor was four nutritional levels including control (spraying with distilled water), glutamine amino acid (200 mg), sucrose (5000 mg/l) and amino acid + sucrose. All of the nutritional treatments were sprayed three times with an interval of 15 days from the beginning of flowering.
Results: The results showed that feeding with glutamine had a significant effect on pod yield, but sucrose treatment did not have any significant effect on the yield characteristics. The pod yield of Barkat cultivar was significantly higher than the other two cultivars with an average of 26,043 kg of pods per hectare. Also, the Barkat cultivar showed the highest fresh and dry seed yield. In the nutritional value, the highest amount of antioxidant activity was seen in the Mehta+glutamine treatment, which was significantly superior to the Mehta+control, but there was no significant difference with the Mehta+combined nutrition treatment. In two cultivars Barkat and Shadan, the applied treatments could not increase the antioxidant activity compared to the control of these cultivars. The highest amount of starch was seen in Barkat+sucrose cultivar, which was not significantly different from Shadan-+glutamine cultivar. In terms of the amount of soluble protein, Shadan+combined nutrition showed the highest amount, which was significantly superior to all other treatments.
Conclusion: Among the various traits related to yield and yield components, only pod yield was affected by glutamine treatment and other nutritional treatments have no significant effect on yield and yield components. The comparison among the three studied cultivars also showed that Barkat cultivar had superior values in terms of traits related to yield as compared with other two cultivars. In general, if the goal is to produce broad beans with high starch and protein, we can recommend the Barkat variety with sucrose treatment and the Shadan variety with combined treatment (sucrose+glutamine), respectively.
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