Evaluation of Different Genotypes of Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) regarding Active Compounds and Nutritional Elements under Irrigation Conditions with maximum allowed water depletion

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 PhD. Student of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

2 Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

3 Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.

4 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan

Abstract

Abstract:

Background and Objective: Medicinal plants are the largest sources of human life preservation and have been traditionally used for medical treatment throughout human history. Humans have relied on these plants for disease treatment, knowledge of medicinal plants, and regular access to these plants in various regions of the world where they grow. Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) is a perennial, herbaceous, dioecious plant belonging to the asparagus family. It is classified as a special vegetable and possesses high nutritional value and numerous therapeutic properties. In order to evaluate and select superior genotypes and achieve genotypes with high performance in terms of secondary metabolites and nutritional elements, this experiment was conducted.



Materials and Methods: In order to evaluate the phytochemicals and mineral elements of asparagus vegetable-medicinal plant genotypes, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Guilan. The aim of this study was to select superior genotypes based on growth and quality traits and tailored to the water conditions of the country; therefore, all genotypes were cultivated and evaluated under conditions of maximum allowable moisture depletion irrigation. Consequently, sixteen genotypes derived from second-generation seed cultivation of the Jerrci variety of Asparagus were examined. The cultivation substrate was the same for all the pots and consisted of 35% garden soil + 35% sand + 30% dry urban waste compost. Data analysis was performed using SAS software (version 9.1), and Tukey's test was utilized for comparing the means of the data.

Results: The results indicated that the traits under investigation in different genotypes were significant, and the genotypes showed significant differences among each other. For instance, the highest amount of phenol (4.1 mg/g dry weight) was observed in genotype number 103 in the green spears. Flavonoid assessment results also demonstrated that the highest amount (6.48 mg/g dry weight) was obtained in genotype number 135 in the green spears. Additionally, antioxidant percentage varied among the spear types, with the highest antioxidant percentage in green spears (74.15%) found in genotype 149 and in white spear (73.6%) observed in genotype number 29. Regarding nutritional elements, the highest amounts of calcium and magnesium were obtained in genotype 149 in the second year and 135 in the third year. Comparisons of means for phosphorus percentage revealed that the highest percentage of this element was in genotype 50 in the third year, showing no significant differences with some genotypes, while the lowest phosphorus percentage was reported in genotype number 48 in the second year. Moreover, mean comparisons for potassium percentage showed that the highest percentage of this element was in genotype 49 in the second year.

Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, it can be stated that genotypes 149, 29, 135, and 103 out of the 16 genotypes examined exhibited superior characteristics. These genotypes are deemed suitable for improvement and the production of new varieties. The superior genotypes were considered as plants with high performance in terms of active ingredients and were introduced as new varieties derived from the Jerrci variety.

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References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 32, Issue 3
September 2025
Pages 39-56

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