The effect of seed pretreatment with sodium hydrogen sulfide and salicylic acid on germination, morphological and biochemical indicators of quinoa seedlings in the greenhouse

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Doctoral student of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabil University, Ardabil, Iran

2 Corresponding author, Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

4 Professor of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

Background and purpose: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an annual plant of the Amaranthaceae family that has been cultivated in South America for thousands of years. Seed pretreatment is a low-cost and useful technology to improve seed vigor and quality. Considering the importance of the quinoa plant and the existing problems in the field of seed germination and seedling growth (due to the sensitive and criticality of these steps), the use of treatments that improve germination and germination such as the use of salicylic acid and sodium hydrogen sulfide as Pre-treatment can be considered as one of the solutions that is directly and indirectly effective on improving the germination and establishment of seedlings. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of pretreatment of seeds with sodium hydrogen sulfide and salicylic acid on the emergence, morphological and biochemical indicators of quinoa seedlings in greenhouse conditions.

Materials and methods: In order to investigate the effect of different pretreatments on greening and physiological and biochemical indices in quinoa seedlings under greenhouse conditions, an experiment in the form of a completely randomized basic design in three replications in the research greenhouse of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. It was implemented in 2022. Experimental treatments include five levels of pretreatment (control (no pretreatment), water pretreatment, seed pretreatment with 2.5 mM salicylic acid, seed pretreatment with 300 mM sodium hydrogen sulfide, and seed pretreatment with 2.5 mM The molarity of salicylic acid + 300 mM sodium hydrogen sulfide) was Also, the characteristics of greening percentage, average emergence time and time to 50% emergence, chlorophyll index, plant length and dry weight were evaluated. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was measured. All statistical analyzes of the data were performed using SAS statistical software (Ver 9.4).

Findings: According to the results of the data, the combined treatment of 300 mM sodium hydrogen sulfide + 2.5 mM salicylic acid made the percentage of greening about 48.7%, the speed of greening about 40.3%, the average Greening period increased by 30.7%, average daily greening by 57.69%, root length by 87.47%, shoot length by 42.24%, and chlorophyll index by 20.47% compared to the control treatment. gave The combined application of 300 mM sodium hydrogen sulfide + 2.5 mM salicylic acid increased the activity of catalase by 62.5%, peroxidase by 75.17%, and polyphenol oxidase by 65.71%. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that the application of salicylic acid and sodium hydrogen sulfide individually or together can be considered as a suitable solution for improving the emergence, growth and biochemical characteristics of quinoa seedlings.

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Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 33, Issue 1
April 2026
Pages 99-123

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