Investigation of the genetic diversity of the gene bank green bean collection

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

2 . Associate Prof., Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

3 Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

4 Researcher, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

5 Associate Prof., Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

Abstract
Background and Objectives:
Green beans are vegetables that have been cultivated and consumed in Iran for several years. Despite the importance of green beans as export products, there has not been much focus on the genetic diversity of the green bean germplasm available in the country. The aim of this study was conducted in order to investigate the agronomic and morphological characteristics of 67 different genetic samples of green beans collected from different provinces of the country 1400 at the research farm of the National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, located in the Karaj Seedling and Seed Breeding Research Institute.
Materials and Methods:
In the first year (1399-1400), 67 genetic accessions of green beans were cultivated and regenerated. In the second year (1401-1400), the genetic accessions of green beans were grown and evaluated using an augmentation design along with four controls (Sanri, Valentino, Arian, and Sepehr), and 29 agronomical and morphological traits were investigated, including traits related to leaves, flowers, pods, and seeds. The data were analyzed using SPSS and SAS statistical software, and the genotypes were grouped using cluster analysis while calculating correlations.
Results:
The highest coefficient of variation (CV) was assigned to plant height (70%), seed weight per plant (47%), number of pods per plant (40%), and among the investigated qualitative traits, Shannon's index was the highest in pod curvature traits (1.28), seed color (1.23) and cross-section shape of pods (1.17) were observed, respectively. There was a significant correlation between most measured traits. The greatest significant correlation was observed between pod length, number of seeds per pod, weight of ten green pods, and seed weight of a single plant with the number of pods per plant. In cluster analysis, the studied accessions were divided into five main cluster.
Conclusion:
The results of this study showed that different green bean genotypes had a wide range of morphological characteristics, indicating the diversity and high genetic potential of this product. In this study, genotypes 2, 26, 128, 127, 58, and 129 were the earliest flowering genotypes at 42 d. genotype 11 and 123 had the highest weight of ten green pods compared to other genotypes and controls. Genotypes 30 and 33 had the highest seed weight per plant, and genotype redmag had the longest pods.Sanri cultivar and accession 129 had the highest number of flowers in a raceme and accessions 30 and 34 had the highest number of pods in a raceme. Based on the issues mentioned above, it is concluded that there is significant diversity among the investigated green bean populations, and it is possible to use this diversity in breeding programs.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 31, Issue 3
October 2024
Pages 67-88

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