The effect of spraying of putrescine on some growth, biochemical, and physiological characteristics of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) under drought stress

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Horticultural Sciences Engineering and Landscape, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran.

4 Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Sciences Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.

Abstract

Background and purpose:
Tarragon is one of the most important medicinal plants with various medicinal properties and is widely used as a flavoring agent in the food industry. Drought stress affects a wide range of morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of medicinal plants. However, the exogenous application of osmotic active substances such as polyamines is considered as a suitable alternative to deal with the adverse effects of various environmental stresses on plant yield. Nevertheless, little is known about their mechanism to reduce drought stress. The present study investigates the response of tarragon plants to different concentrations of putrescine under drought stress conditions.
Materials and Methods:
This study was carried out in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 3 replications in a greenhouse as a pots experiment. After the growth of the plant in the soil of the pot, three stages of foliar spraying with experimental treatments were carried out in this research. Experimental treatments included drought stress (50, 70, and 90% of field capacity) and putrescine foliar spraying with zero (spraying with distilled water), 0.1 and 0.2 mM concentrations. The evaluated parameters include morphological and physiological traits (shoot dry weight, stem height, number of lateral stems, root length, stem diameter, leaf area, leaf relative water content) and phytochemical (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, electrolyte leakage, proline and malondialdehyde content, antioxidant enzyme activity and essential oil percentage). Data analysis was done using SAS software version 9.4
Findings:
The results showed that putrescine foliar spraying increased the shoot dry weight, the stem height, and the number of lateral stems. The highest of these traits was obtained under 90% field capacity and no difference was observed between the levels of putrescine at this level of drought stress. Plants grown under 90% crop capacity had the highest stem diameter (35.59 mm) and leaf area (62.89 cm2). Under 50% field capacity, foliar spraying of 0.2 mM putrescine increased the content of chlorophyll a, b and total by 29.03, 11.76 and 22.91%, respectively, compared to the control. The results also showed thatfoliar spraying of putrescine increased the relative water content and decreased electrolyte leakage in stressed plants. The content of proline and the activity of antioxidant enzymes also improved under the influence of putrescine. 50% field capacity without putrescine foliar spraying produced the highest percentage of essential oil (2.58%) in tarragon plants.
Conclusion:
In general, foliar spraying of putrescine (0.2 mM) through increasing photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant properties can be a useful and practical solution for improving biomass and dealing with drought stress in the tarragon plants.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 31, Issue 3
October 2024
Pages 89-108

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