The effect of Prohexadione-calcium and carbon source on in vitro microtuberization of Potato cv. Agria

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Graduate of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Corresponding Author, Professor, Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Professor, Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

4 Academic Staffs, Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Ardabil Province, Ardabil, Iran.

5 Ph.D. Graduate of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

6 Laboratory of Expert, Dept. of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

Abstract

Background and objective:

Prohexadione-calcium (ProCa) is a chemical inhibitor compound and an inhibitor of gibberellin hormone biosynthesis, which has low toxicity and limited stability. In the conditions of potato tissue culture, the carbon source is necessary for the induction of microtuberization and the development of the microtuber. The use of plant growth retarders in the stage of tuber formation reduces stem growth and transfers photosynthetic materials to the tuber and increases tuber growth. A number of plant growth regulators have been used to delay stem growth and start tuber formation. Prohexadione-calcium is classified as a plant growth inhibitor. In general, the mode of action of this growth inhibitor is to prevent the conversion of the inactive form of GA20 into its active form GA1. Prohexadione-calcium is registered in the United States under the brand name Apogee and in Europe under the brand name Regalis.

Materials and Methods:

In this experiment, the carbon source (80 g/L sucrose and mannitol) and prohexadione calcium (at concentrations of 0, 3, 6 and 9 mg/L) in the MS base culture medium as a factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 4 replications was executed. Also, 5 single nodule micro-samples were cultured in each test unit. In the test of microtuber, the explants were kept under dark conditions and at a temperature of 18±2 degrees Celsius and notes were taken every 15 days. After 3 months, the effects of these substances on the number of microtubers, the percent of microtuber dormancy, the number of eyes, the average weight of the tubers, the length and width of the microtubers, and the yield were investigated.

Results and Discussion:

The results showed that the treatments of 3 and 6 mg/L prohexadione calcium produced the highest number of microtuber with 2.4 and 2.83 number of microtuber and did not show any significant difference from each other. Also, control and prohexadione calcium treatments at a concentration of 9 mg/liter produced the lowest number of microtuber with 1.17 microtuber. Also, in all concentrations of prohexadione calcium, sucrose produced more microtuber with length and width than mannitol. The treatment of 3 mg/L prohexadione calcium with 80 g/L sucrose produced the highest number of eyes with 5.66 eyes and showed a significant difference with the other treatments. The treatment of 3 mg/L prohexadione calcium along with 80 g/L sucrose with 2.66 g of microtuber in the treatment produced the highest yield among the treatments. With a general look at the results of this research, it can be concluded that the carbon source of sucrose is better for microtuberization than mannitol, and among the concentrations of prohexadione calcium, the concentration of 3 mg/liter showed better results than the higher concentrations, and this concentration of prohexadione calcium together with 80 gr per liter of sucrose showed positive and better results for microtuber production.

Conclusions:

Generally, it can be concluded that the carbon source of sucrose is better for microtuberization than mannitol, and among the concentrations of prohexadione calcium, the concentration of 3 mg/liter showed better results than the higher concentrations, and this concentration of prohexadione calcium together with 80 gr per liter of sucrose showed positive and better results for the production of microtubers and with the assumption that the growth retarder plays a role in the induction of potato microtubers. Prohexadione calcium has played a role in the induction of microtuberization by preventing the production of gibberellin hormone and it has performed the mechanism of microtuberization induction by preventing the production of gibberellin hormone.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 33, Issue 2
September 2026
Pages 73-91

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