Germination and emergence characteristics of different cultivars of Vicia sativa, V. villosa and V.dasycarpa in response to some environmental factors

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student in Physiology of Crop Plants, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

2 Corresponding Author, Associate Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

4 Assistant Prof. at the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, France

Abstract

Background and objectives: Usage cover crops from Vicia genus is one of the common methods of weed suppression, which provides many ecosystem services in agricultural fields. One of the major barriers to the use of vetch species as cover crops is the problems related to their seed germination. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the response of germination and emergence of seeds of some species of vetch to environmental factors including temperature, humidity, salinity, and sowing depth.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with 3 replications In the agriculture laboratory of Razi University Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus in 1402, the effect of different temperature regimes (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 0c) and different salinity levels (4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 mm sodium chloride) and humidity (-0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1, -1.2, -1.4 MPa) on the seed germination of different types of Vicia it placed. Also, the effect of the depth of burial in the soil on the emergence of the seedlings of these species in the greenhouse was also evaluated.
Results: The results of this study showed that the highest percentage of germination of different species was obtained at 25°C and among them 100% germination was obtained only in V. sativa (Arak variety). On the other hand, with the increase of salt concentration, the germination rate decreased and the fitting of the equation showed that the highest percentage of germination was observed at salinity levels below 32 mM and V. dasycarpa showed more sensitivity to salinity when compared to other species. Fitting equation to the data obtained from the effect of drought on the germination percentage of different varieties of vetch showed that the highest percentage of germination was achieved at osmotic stress below -0.2 MPa. V. villosa species showed highest sensitivity to osmotic stress. results of the effect of the depth of burial in the soil on the percentage of emergence showed that the percentage of emergence decreased with the increase of burial depth, and this decrease was accompanied by a steep slope in the depths between 2 and 8 cm.
Conclusion: The findings of the present research show that vetch species are warm season and the best germination temperature for vetch seeds is 25°C. furthermore, results showed that the highest percentage of germination was at salinity levels below 32 mM and with the increase of burial depth, the percentage of emergence decreased.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

 
1.Nosratti, I., Korres, N. E., & Cordeau, S. (2023). Knowledge of Cover Crop Seed Traits and Treatments to Enhance Weed Suppression: A Narrative Review. Agronomy, 13(7), 1683.
2.Kupicha, F. (1976). The infrageneric structure of Vicia. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard Edinb., 34, 287-326.
3.Mahdavi, B. (2014). Investigating the effect of temperature and salinity on germination and seedling growth of two cultivars of vetch (Vicia spp). Seed Research Journal, 4(4), 60-69.
4.Al-Ahmadi, M. J., & Kafi, M. (2007). Cardinal temperatures for germination of Kochia scoparia (L.). Journal of Arid Environments, 68(2), 308-314.
5.Sharafi, S., Khaneh, Z., Akhlaghi, S., & Jouyban, Z. (2012). Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling growth rate of five crop species as affected by salinity and drought stress. Life Science Journal, 9(1), 94-101.
6.Zhu, J. K. (2002). Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants. Annual review of plant biology, 53(1), 247-273.
7.Hasegawa, P. M., Bressan, R. A., Zhu, J. K., & Bohnert, H. J. (2000). Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity. Annual review of plant biology, 51(1), 463-499.
8.Ertekin, İ., Yilmaz, S., Atak, M., & Can, E. (2018). Effects of different salt concentrations on the germination properties of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) cultivars. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 175-179.
9.Almansouri, M., Kinet, J. M., & Lutts, S. (2001). Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in durum wheat
(Triticum durum Desf.). Plant and soil, 231, 243-254.
10.Soltani, A., Robertson, M. J., Torabi, B., Yousefidaz, M., & Sarparast, R. (2006). Modelling seedling emergence in chickpea as influenced by temperature and sowing depth. Agricultural and forest meteorology, 138(1-4), 156-167.
11.Ali, S., & Idris, A. Y. (2015). Effect of seed size and sowing depth on germination and some growth parameters of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Agricultural and Biological Sciences Journal, 1(1), 1-5.
12.Tribouillois, H., Durr, C., Demilly, D., Wagner, M. H., & Justes, E. (2016). Determination of germination response to temperature and water potential for a wide range of cover crop species and related functional groups. PloS one, 11(8), e0161185.
13.Garginkaraji, M., Wahhabi, M. R., Siosemardeh, A., Hosseinpanahi, F., Eshghizadeh, H. R., & Basiriisfahani, M. (2018). Germination characteristics of various vetch seeds (Vicia variabilis Grossh.) in response to temperature and drought. Rangeland, 12(1), 48-61.
14.Umeoka, N., & Ogbonnaya, C. (2016). Effects of seed size and sowing depth on seed germination and seedling growth of Telfairia occidentalis (Hook F.). Int’l Journal of Advances in Chemical Engineering & Biological Sciences, 3(2), 201-207.
15.Rezaeimanesh, H., Ghaderifar, F., Nosratti, I., Siahmarguee, A., & Chauhan, B. S. (2023). Seed dormancy and germination ecology of several clover species. Seed Science and Technology, 51(3), 329-353.
16.Michel, B. E., & Kaufmann, M. R. (1973). The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant physiology, 51(5), 914-916.
17.Payamani, R., Nosratti, I., & Amerian, M. (2018). Variations in the germination characteristics in response to environmental factors between the hairy and spiny seeds of hedge parsley (Torilis arvensis Huds.). Weed biology and management, 18(4), 176-183.
18.HU, X. W., Wang, J., & Wang, Y. R. (2012). Thermal time model analysis for seed germination of four Vicia species. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 36(8), 841.
19.Hills, P., & Van Staden, J. (2003). Thermoinhibition of seed germination. South African Journal of Botany, 69(4), 455-461.
20.Uzun, S., Uzun, O., Kaplan, M., & Ilbas, A. I. (2013). Response of bitter vetch lines to salt stress. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19(5), 1061-1067.
21.Çöçü, S., & Uzun, O. (2011). Germination, seedling growth and ion accumulation of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd.) lines under NaCl stress. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(71), 15869-15874.
22.Kaur, H., Petla, B. P., Kamble, N. U., Singh, A., Rao, P., Salvi, P., Ghosh, S., & Majee, M. (2015). Differentially expressed seed aging responsive heat shock protein OsHSP18. 2 implicates in seed vigor, longevity and improves germination and seedling establishment under abiotic stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 160286.
23.Namdari, A., & Sharifzade, F. (2018). The restoring influence of priming treatments on germination of Smooth vetch (Vicia dasycarpa) under drought stress and maintaining this advantage following aging by using post priming heat shock treatment. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 10(3), 41-54.
24.Haffani, S., Mezni, M., & Chaïbi, W. (2013). Effect of drought on growth and chlorophyll content in three Vetch species. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 2(1), 50-56.
25.King, K. E. (2003). Analysis of the Effects of Hypogeal and Epigeal Emergence on Seedling Competition in Legumes. McCabe Thesis Collection, Paper 20.
Journal of Plant Production Research
Volume 32, Issue 3
September 2025
Pages 81-96

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics