بررسی اثر همزیستی قارچ اندوفیت Piriformospora indica بر بهبود خصوصیات رشدی گونه چمنی فستوکای پابلند (Festuca arundinacea) رقم Tomahawk در شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

5 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
سابقه و هدف: تنش های محیطی از جمله خشکی از مهم ترین عوامل کاهش عملکرد و رشد و نمو گیاهان محسوب می شوند. استفاده از میکروب‌های خاک روشی نویدبخش برای افزایش تحمل گیاهان در برابر تنش کم آبی می باشد. مطالعه حاضر به‌منظور ارزیابی پتانسیل تحمل به خشکی گونه چمنی فستوکای پابلند (Festuca arundinacea) رقم Tomahawk مایه کوبی شده با قارچ Piriformospora indica در شرایط تنش خشکی انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها: پژوهش در سایت تحقیقاتی گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه ارومیه طی سال های 1400-1399 به صورت طرح فاکتوریل خرد شده در زمان در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. که عامل‌های آزمایش شامل مایه کوبی و عدم مایه کوبی با قارچ (P. indica) indica Priphormospora و تنش خشکی در سه سطح 100، 70 و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی بودند. پس از اعمال تنش خشکی، در چهار دوره زمانی به فاصله‌ی 10 روز، نمونه برداری انجام شد. صفات مورد اندازه گیری شامل وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، میزان کلروفیل a و b، فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتلاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز و عناصر پتاسیم، فسفر و نیتروژن اندام های هوایی و بافت ریشه بودند.
یافته‌ها: میزان وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و محتوای نسبی آب برگ با افزایش تنش خشکی کاهش یافتند و کمترین مقدار این صفات در ظرفیت زراعی 40 درصد مشاهده شد. مایه‌کوبی با قارچ موجب تعدیل اثر تنش خشکی در صفات مذکور شد. تیمار قارچ موجب افزایش 27/20، 21/37، 32/16، 02/13، 1/11 درصد به ترتیب در میزان طول ریشه، کلروفیل a، پتاسیم، فسفر و نیتروژن اندام هوایی شد. همچنین حضور قارچ P. indica با افزایش فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی کاتالاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز موجب حفظ محتوای کلروفیل a، b، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی شده و در نتیجه اثرات تنش خشکی را کاهش داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: چنین استنباط می‌گردد که مایه زنی میکروبی با قارچ اندوفیت P. indica، با بهبود ویژگی های رشدی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه در افزایش مقاومت به تنش کم آبی در گیاه چمن فستوکای پابلند نقش مهمی ایفا می کند. بنابراین قارچ اندوفیت P.indica می تواند به عنوان یک راهکار مؤثر سازگار با محیط‌زیست در شرایط تنش خشکی در گیاه چمن فستوکا (Festuca arundinacea) در شرایط آب و هوایی ارومیه استفاده گردد.
واژه ها ی کلیدی: آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی، ت ن ش ک م آب ی، ف س فر، م ای ه زن ی می کروب ی، ن ی تروژن

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effect of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica symbiosis on improving of growth characteristics of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea cv. Tomahawk) under drough stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdieh Mirzaei mashhood 1
  • Javad Rezapour Fard 2
  • Mohsen Barin 3
  • Hadi Alipour 4
  • Zohre Jabbarzadeh 5
1 Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 . Assistant Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
5 Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and purpose: Environmental stresses including drought stress are one of the most important factors reducing performance and growth and development of plants. The use of soil microorganisms is a promising technique to increase plant resistance to water stress. This study was carried out in order to evaluate tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea cv. Tomahawk) drought stress tolerance potential under drought stress and inoculation of microbial treatment with root fungus Piriformospora indica.
Materials and Methods: The research was performed in the research site of the Department of Horticultural Sciences, Urmia University, during the years 2020-2021 as factorial-split plot in time based on randomized complete block design with three replications that experimental factors included inoculation and non-inoculation with P. indica and drought stress (30, 70 and 100% FC). After exerting drought stress, harvesting (sampling) was performed four times with an interval of 10 days. The measured traits included fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, relative water content, chlorophyll a and b content, activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes, potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen amount in shoot and root tissue.

Results: The shoot fresh, dry weight, and the relative water content decreased with drought stress and the lowest amount was recorded in 40% of field capacity. P. indica inoculation caused the preservation of these traits. P. indica treatment caused an increment of 20.27, 37.21, 16.32, 13.02, 11.1% in root length, chlorophyll a content, amount of shoot potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen, respectively. P. In addition, P. indica with increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase and ascorbate peroxidase causes preservation of the chlorophyll a, b content, and the shoot fresh and dry weight that reduced the effects of drought stress.
Conclusion: It is inferred that microbial inoculation with P. indica by improving the growth and biochemical characteristics of plants plays an important role in increasing the resistance to water deficit stress in Festuca arundinacea. Therefore, P. indica can be used as an effective environmentally friendly compatible in drought stress conditions in Festuca arundinacea cv. Tomahawk in the urmia weather conditions.
Therefore, P. indica can be used as an effective environmentally friendly compatible in drought stress conditions in Festuca arundinacea cv. Tomahawk in the urmia weather conditions.

K e y w o r d s: A n t i o x i d a n t e n z y m e s, W a t e r d e f fi ci t stress, Phosphorus, Microbial inoculation, Nitrogen.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • Water defficit stress
  • Phosphorus
  • Microbial inoculation
  • Nitrogen

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پژوهش‌های تولید گیاهی
دوره 29، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 141-164

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