نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 هیات علمی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Water shortage is the only serious crisis that no one has taken seriously yet, and its alarm remains silent, because the remaining drops of water can make water an unattainable dream in the future. A large amount of the world's water resources is consumed in agriculture. In Iran, only 12% of the total area of the country is under cultivation, while about 93% of water consumption is in the agricultural sector. Today, due to the lack of water resources and drought, water management is an important part of farm operations and producing quality products. Among the various solutions, adding organic modifiers to the soil is one of the most effective methods in order to maintain soil moisture and fertility. Biochar is considered one of the best methods of soil management and amendment and can be used to increase soil organic matter and improve soil physical and chemical properties. In addition, biochar production makes optimal use of agricultural and industrial waste and can be used to protect the environment and reduce pollutants and convert waste into useful compounds.
Materials and Methods: This research done in factorial form in a completely randomized design with four replications in the form of pot cultivation in the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. The first factor included oak wood biochar in proportions of 0, 5, 10 and 20% and the second factor included 3 levels of irrigation (100, 75 and 50% of agricultural capacity). Drought stress was done by reducing irrigation water based on the agricultural capacity of plants. Flower performance and developmental and physiological characteristics were evaluated. Statistical analysis of data was done with SPSS 21 software. Comparison of means was done with Duncan's multi-range test at 1% and 5% probability level.
Results: The results of the research showed that the application of biochar at a ratio of 20% had the greatest increase in the values of growth and vegetative traits such as height, leaf surface, stem diameter and leaf greenness. Also, biochar caused a surprising increase in the yield and characteristics of flowers in the Althaea officinalis L.. The lowest amount of vegetative and reproductive traits in severe drought stress was 50% of the agricultural capacity, and the use of oak wood biochar improved 21.1% in vegetative traits and 81.8% in reproductive traits. Also, by maintaining soil moisture and creating a cationic balance and increasing the absorption of nutrients, biochar improves the performance of plant stomata and increases stomatal conductivity by 65% and reduces ion leakage by 47.6% in severe stress conditions compared to Plants witnessed. With the increase in the level of stress, the production of secondary and antioxidant compounds increased in the plant, and the application of biochar reduced the production of secondary and antioxidant compounds by 21.1% by reducing the negative effects of stress.
Conclusion: The present study showed that biochar had a significant effect on increasing the growth, vegetative, flower yield and reproductive characteristics of the Althaea officinalis L. under stress-free conditions and various drought stress levels. Also, biochar showed a positive effect on increasing plant resistance to water deficit by increasing organic matter, maintaining moisture and creating ion balance. According to the results of the research, it is recommended to use oak tree biochar in dry and semi-arid areas to increase plants to water deficit and increase soil fertility.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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