نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری،گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود،ایران
2 دانشیار،گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود،ایران
3 استادیار، گروه تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و فرآورده‌های جانبی، پژوهشکده سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج جنگل‌ها و مراتع، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The quinoa plant with its scientific name (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudo-cereal and is native to the Andes mountains in South America. It is an annual, dicotyledonous, allotetraploid (2n=4x=36) and Autogamy plant from the Amaranthaceae family and the Chenopodioideae subfamily (1). Quinoa seeds are a very valuable food item with high carbohydrates, quality protein, it contains fat, fiber, and various vitamins and minerals (2). This research was conducted to investigate mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer on some phytochemical and growth characteristics of quinoa under mixed cultivation conditions using replacement method.
Materials and methods: A complete randomized block design with three replications was implemented at two research farms affiliated with Shahrood University of Technology, located in Shahrood and Miami cities. The intercropping systems consisted of five planting ratios: pure quinoa cultivation, 75% quinoa + 25% corn, 50% quinoa + 50% corn, 25% quinoa + 75% corn, and pure corn. The first factor was combined with three levels of phosphorus treatment (zero, 50, and 100 kg/ha) as the second factor. Mycorrhiza application was considered as the third factor, with two levels: inoculated and control.
Results: The results demonstrated this experiment; the highest yield of quinoa seed (2604.1 kg/ha) was observed in the Miami region with the application of 50 kg phosphorus/ha and the lowest yield of quinoa seed (1971.3 kg/ha) was observed in the Myamay region in the treatment of 100 kg phosphorus. And the highest percentage of quinoa protein (15.85) was observed in the pure culture of quinoa and the lowest amount of protein (14.75) was observed in the control and without the use of mycorrhiza. Also, the highest amounts of flavonoids (66.80 mg/g) and antioxidant activity (79.85%) of quinoa in mixed culture ratio 50:50 treated with mycorrhiza was obtained. and the highest amount of fatty acid (15.8%) was observed in Treatments of 50% quinoa and 50 kg phosphorus per hectare in Miami region and the lowest fatty acid (8.68%) was obtained in the treatment of 25% quinoa + 75% corn and 100 kg phosphorus per hectare in Shahrood region. The maximum height of the plant with an average (81.3 cm) with the use of mycorrhiza and the use of 50 kg of phosphorus per hectare and the lowest height of the plant (56.3 cm) in the treatment of not using mycorrhiza and without the use of phosphorus Obtained.
Conclusion: According to the results of this research, the intercropping system using phosphorus fertilizer and mycorrhiza had a positive effect on the phytochemical and antioxidant properties of quinoa.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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