بررسی اثرات تنش شوری و کاربرد کود ورمی کمپوست بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی گیاه افوربیا Euphorbia tirucalli L.

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

3 گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: ورمی‌کمپوست علاوه بر افزایش جذب آب، در اصلاح خواص فیزیکی، شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی خاک تأثیر بسزایی دارد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثرات تنش شوری و کود ورمی کمپوست بر گیاه افوربیا تیروکالی در شرایط کشت گلدانی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: گیاهان تحت سه تیمار شوری 4، 8 و 12 دسی زیمنس برمتر به تنهایی و نیز همراه با کاربرد ورمی کمپوست در سطوح 10 ،20 و 30 درصد خاک به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. خصوصیات رشدی شامل ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خشک و تر (کل گیاه، ریشه و اندام هوایی) و محتوای رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی و غیرفتوسنتزی، قندهای محلول و پرولین در گیاه اندازه گیری شدند.
یافته‏ها: مطابق با نتایج بدست آمده افزایش سطوح شوری تأثیر منفی بر خصوصیات رشدی داشت در حالیکه کاربرد توأم کود ورمی کمپوست در تمام سطوح شوری طول و وزن خشک اندام هوایی را افزایش داد. در مورد وزن خشک ریشه نیز روند صعودی در بالاترین سطح شوری (12 دسی زیمنس برمتر) در تمام سطوح کاربرد ورمی کمپوست مشاهده شد. طبق نتایج این تحقیق اعمال تنش شوری سبب کاهش رنگیزه کلروفیل شد اما کاربرد کود ورمی کمپوست در بالاترین سطح (30 درصد) موجب کاهش اثرات منفی شوری بر آنها گشته و میزان آنها را علی رغم غلظت بالای شوری افزایش داد. در مورد رنگیزه های کاروتنوئیدی نیز شوری شدید (12 دسی زیمنس برمتر) مقدار آنها را کاهش داد اما کاربرد ورمی کمپوست در این سطح از تنش سبب افزایش آن گشت. همچنین نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد در شوری متوسط و شدید (8 و 12 دسی زیمنس بر متر) با افزایش سطح ورمی کمپوست، کاهش میزان رنگیزه آنتوسیانین در اندام هوایی گیاه مشاهده شد. میزان پرولین و قندهای محلول اندام هوایی و ریشه نیز تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف شوری روند صعودی را طی نمودند. در مورد قندهای محلول کاربرد ورمی کمپوست در سطوح پایین شوری موجب افزایش و در سطح بالاتر شوری، اعمال تیمار 30 درصد ورمی کمپوست موجب کاهش این ترکیبات شد. در مورد پرولین نیز کاربرد ورمی کمپوست در مقادیر بالا کاهش این ترکیب در سطوح بالاتر نمک را بدنبال داشت.
نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد کاربرد ورمی کمپوست به خصوص در سطوح بالاتر توانست از اثرات منفی مقادبر بالای نمک بر گیاه افوربیا کالی بکاهد و موجب بهبود پاسخ های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی گیاه به تنش شوری گردد.
نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد کاربرد ورمی کمپوست به خصوص در سطوح بالاتر توانست از اثرات منفی مقادبر بالای نمک بر گیاه افوربیا کالی بکاهد و موجب بهبود پاسخ های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی گیاه به تنش شوری گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation the effects of salinity stress and vermicompost on morphophysiological traits of Euphorbia tirucalli L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Kheyrifar 1
  • Mohamad Ali Rezaei 2
  • Maryam Niakan 1
  • Mehr Ali Mahmod Janlu 3
  • Hadi Bazazi 3
1 Dept. of Biology, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Corresponding Author, Dept. of Biology, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Dept. of Biology, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and objective: Vermicompost increases the ability to absorb water and has a great effect on improving the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. The present study investigates the effects of salinity stress and vermicompost on Euphorbia tirucalli L.in pot culture conditions.
Materials and methods: Plants were cultivated under three salinity treatments of 4, 8 and 12 dsm-1 alone and with the use of vermicompost at the levels of 10, 20 and 30 % of the soil were tested factorially in the form of a completely randomized design. Growth parameters including length, dry and fresh weight (whole plant, root and shoot) and content of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugars and proline were measured in the plant.
Results: According to the obtained results, the increase in salinity levels had a negative effect on the growth parameters, while the combined use of vermicompost fertilizer increased the length and dry weight of aerial parts at all salinity levels. Regarding the root dry weight, an upward trend was observed at the highest salinity level (12 dsm-1) at all vermicompost the use of levels. According to the results of this research, the use of salinity stress reduced chlorophyll pigments, but the use of vermicompost fertilizer at the highest level (30 percent vermicompost) reduced the negative effects of salinity on them and increased their amount despite the high concentration of salt. In the case of carotenoid pigments, severe salinity (12 dsm-1) decreased their amount, but the use of vermicompost at this level of stress increased it. Also, the results of this research showed that the amount of anthocyanin pigments in medium and severe salinity (8 and 12 dsm-1), increasing the level of vermicompost decreased the amount of this compound in the aerial parts of the plant. The amount of proline and soluble sugars of shoots and roots also went up under the influence of different salinity levels. In the case of soluble sugars, the use of vermicompost at low levels of salinity caused an increase, and at higher levels of salinity, the use of 30% vermicompost treatment decreased these compounds. In the case of proline, the use of fertilizer in high amounts led to the reduction of this compound at higher levels of salt.
Conclusion: In general, the results of this research showed that the use of vermicompost, especially at higher levels, could reduce the negative effects of high salt concentrations on Euphorbia tirucalli L.and improve the plant's morphophysiological responses to salinity stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Euphorbia tirucalli
  • Properties Morphophysiological
  • Salinity Stress
  • Vermicompost

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پژوهش‌های تولید گیاهی
دوره 31، شماره 3
مهر 1403
صفحه 183-203

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