نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 باغبانی_گیاهان دارویی،دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی گرگان
2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
3 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
4 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Objective: The integration of traditional and modern medicine has overcome the discrepancies and doubts associated with the use of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants have recently reestablished their vital role in contemporary medicine and pharmacology. Among these, alkaloids have attained a prominent status in the medical field. Greater Celandine (Chelidonium majus L.) is a wild plant species utilized in Western medicine for treating biliary liver disorders such as indigestion, gallbladder disorders, and the healing of warts. The high diversity of phytochemical compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, phenols, and carotenoids in this plant, is the foundation of its utilization in both Eastern and Western medicine. With the increasing climate changes, understanding their regulatory effects on the plant's secondary metabolism has become vital. In this context, the present study aimed to better understand the impact of climate on the total alkaloid content of Greater Celandine across natural habitats in three northern provinces of Iran, while mitigating the environmental effects and comparing them across locations.
Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replicates. Plants were collected from their natural habitats in the Caspian provinces of Gilan, Mazandaran, and Golestan and were examined for alkaloid, phenol, and total flavonoid content. To eliminate environmental effects, seeds from the collected populations were cultivated in a pot experiment under the climatic conditions of Gorgan in Golestan Province, and the desired traits were measured.
Findings: The results of the analysis of variance showed that the effect of the habitat on the variations of the measured traits was statistically significant at a 1% probability level. This study recorded the highest total alkaloid content in the aerial parts from the Oushian habitat in Gilan Province and the lowest in the Gorgan habitat in Golestan Province. Additionally, the total alkaloid content in the aerial parts of plants collected from the Kurdku habitat, which was also cultivated in Gorgan’s climate, was at the highest amount. In contrast, the total alkaloid content in the aerial parts from Gorgan was at its lowest level. Among the 19 areas examined in this study, the highest phenol content was associated with the plants collected from the Soustan habitat in Gilan Province, while the lowest phenol content was observed in the Daland in Golestan and the Siesangan in Mazandaran Province. In plants grown under the climatic conditions of Gorgan, total pheno content was highest in the samples collected from the Noor and Shastakla habitats, while the lowest total phenol content was observed in samples from the Kaboodwal habitat. The total flavonoid content in the aerial parts of plants indicated that the Gorgan and Aliabad habitats in Golestan Province had the highest total flavonoid levels, whereas the Noor and Porshkouh habitats had the lowest, aligning with the comparisons made across the three provinces. Golestan Province initially showed the highest total flavonoid content.
Conclusion: The results of this experiment indicated that the accumulation of total alkaloids in the Greater Celandine plants collected from east to west across the Caspian provinces showed an increasing trend, with the plants collected from Gilan having more favorable conditions for alkaloid production. In contrast, the phenolic compounds exhibited varied results. Given the higher rainfall in Gilan and the availability of organic materials in the soil, the plants have better conditions for alkaloid production. Phenols, as secondary plant metabolites, are also affected by various environmental factors, including light and moisture. Additionally, the lower altitude in Gilan correlates with increased alkaloid compounds, as these compounds have an inverse relationship with elevation.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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