نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم علف‌های‌هرز، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 استاد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
3 اردبیل- شهرستان پارس آباد، کیلومتر ۱۲ جاده اصلاندوز- مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، بخش گیاهپزشکی، رسول فخاری
4 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Objective: In order to provide food for the growing world population, it is necessary to increase agricultural production significantly. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an annual shrub plant native to tropical and subtropical regions cultivated in 109 countries due to its oil and seed protein quality. Weeds cause significant damage to crops and using integrated management programs is the best method to eliminate these plants. This method emphasizes the correct use of all eradication, prevention, and control methods, including agronomic, physical, mechanical, biological, and chemical control, to reduce the damage caused by weeds.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted in 2012 and 2013 in a split-plot randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Ardabil Province (Moghan) in order to evaluate the effect of planting arrangement in combination with weeding, herbicides, & cover crops on weed control & peanut yield. The main plots included the type of planting arrangement (single row, parallel double row & zigzag double row) on a 75 cm ridge & subplots, 7 levels of weed management including (planting cover crops 1- Crimson clover & 2- Flowering vetch, 3- Application of the herbicide combination bentazone + supergallant, 4- Weeding once (20 days after planting), 5- Weeding twice (20 & 40 days after planting), 6- Weeding all season of weeds & 7- Control without the use of cover crops and without the use of herbicides.
Results: The results of the experiment showed that the density & biomass of weeds, grain yield, & the amount of amino acids lysine, methionine, palmitic acid, stearic acid, & oleic acid in peanut seeds were affected by the experimental treatments. The lowest weed density & biomass were obtained in the zigzag double-row planting arrangement & the treatments of double weeding & vetch cover crop cultivation, & the highest weed density & biomass were obtained in the single-row planting arrangement & the control condition without control. The highest peanut seed yield was obtained in the zigzag double-row planting arrangement & different levels of weeding, & then in the cover crop treatments of vetch, clover, & herbicide application, & the lowest values of the mentioned traits were obtained in the single-row planting arrangement & the control condition without control. The highest levels of lysine & methionine in the grain were obtained in the treatments of full-season weeding & the arrangement of parallel single-row & double-row planting. The highest levels of palmitic acid & oleic acid were obtained in the all-season weeding treatments & the single-row zigzag & parallel planting arrangements. The highest levels of stearic acid were obtained in the all-season weeding treatments & the zigzag planting arrangement.
Conclusion: Considering the conditions of the Moghan region, the zigzag planting arrangement & weeding twice will be the best option for controlling peanut weeds. However, in case of a shortage of labor for weeding, the use of a mixture of bentazone & supergallant herbicides is recommended as the next priority.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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