تغییرات آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی مرزه جنگلی (‏Saturejea mutica ‎‏) تحت تاثیر تنش ‏خشکی، آبیاری مجدد و محلول پاشی سلنیم ‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

3 دانشگاه اراک

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: تغییرات اقلیمی و تغییر الگوی بارش تهدید جدی برای تأمین منابع غذایی جمعیت در ‏حال افزایش جهان می‌باشد، بطوری‌که کمبود منابع آبی در حال حاضر امنیت غذایی و رونق اقتصادی ‏بسیاری از مناطق دنیا را با محدودیت مواجه کرده است. یکی از راهکارها بافزایش بهره وری آب کشت ‏گیاهان دارویی مقاوم به خشکی است. مرزه جنگلی یکی از گیاهان دارویی بومی ایران است که حاوی ‏ترکیبات دارویی و شیمیایی ارزشمند است. از این‌رو تحقیق با هدف بررسی روند تغییرات آنزیم‌های ‏آنتی‌اکسیدانی دو کموتایپ مرزه جنگلی تحت تنش خشکی و آبیاری مجدد و همچنین محلول‌پاشی ‏سلنیم انجام شد. ‏
مواد و روش‌ها: در بررسی حاضر از کموتایپ‌های مرزه جنگلی کارواکرول/تیمول/پاراسیمین (کموتایپ ‏درکش) و تیمول/پاراسیمین/کارواکرول (کموتایپ پونو)، با کد هرباریومی‎ MPH-1347‎استفاده قرار شد. ‏آزمایش در قالب آزمایش کرت‌های خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی انجام شد. سطوح ‏خشکی در 3 سطح (شاهد، تنش متوسط (25 روز بدون آبیاری) و تنش شدید (40 روز بدون آبیاری)، ‏محلول‌پاشی سلنیم در 3 سطح (0، 5 و 20 میلی گرم) انجام شد. آبیاری مجدد بلافاصله پس از تنش ‏خشکی انجام شد. به منظور اندازه‌گیری تغییرات فعالیت آنزیمی در مرزه جنگلی در انتهای تنش دوره ‏خشکی و به ترتیب 1 و 5 روز پس از آبیاری مجدد، از گیاهان آزمایشی نمونه برداری شد.‏
یافته‌ها: آبیاری مجدد به عنوان مکانیسمی برای ترمیم کارکردهای فیزیولوژیکی که در اثر تنش آب ‏کاهش یافته است عمل می‌کند. به عبارتی بازیابی یک مولفه مهم برای سازگاری گیاهان به خشکی می‌-‏باشد. در بررسی حاضر خشکی اثر معنی‌داری بر فعالیت اغلب آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی مطالعه شده ‏کموتایپ‌های مرزه جنگلی (به غیر از کاتالاز در کموتایپ پنو) نداشت. همچنین واکنش قابل توجهی ‏نسبت به سطوح محلول‌پاشی سلنیم در شرایط تنش خشکی مشاهده نشد. بررسی روند تغییرات ‏فعالیت آنزیم‌ها قبل و بعد از آبیاری مجدد نشان داد که اگرچه آبیاری مجدد روند کاهشی غیرمعنی‌داری ‏بر فعالیت آنزیمی داشت، با این وجود در کوتاه‌ترین زمان ممکن فعالیت آنزیم‌ها به شرایط قبل از ‏آبیاری مجدد رسیده و پایدار شده‌اند، که بیانگر مقاومت بالای این گیاه به خشکی است. همچنین ‏واکنش گیاه به سطوح خشکی و تیمارهای حمایتی در دو کموتایپ روند تقریبا مشابه‌ای داشت. ‏
نتیجه‌گیری: عدم واکنش آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی مهم گیاه مرزه جنگلی به تنش خشکی و تیمارهای ‏حمایتی، بیان کننده این است که، مرزه جنگلی به عنوان یک گیاه متحمل به خشکی و به دلیل داشتن ‏متابولیت‌های با ارزش، گونه‌ای مناسب برای کشت در مناطقی است که محدودیت منابع آبی و نزولات ‏آسمانی دارند. لذا پیشنهاد می شود که از این گیاه برای کشت در شرایط کم آب شاهرود و مناطق ‏مشابه استفاده شود.‏

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Alteration of antioxidant enzymes of forest savory (Satureja mutica) under ‎the influence of drought stress, re-watering and selenium foliar application

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Karimi 1
  • Azim Ghasemnezhad 2
  • Mansour Ghorbanpour 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Corresponding Author, Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Arak University
چکیده [English]

Alteration of antioxidant enzymes of forest savory (Satureja mutica ‎Fisch.& Mey) under the influence of drought stress, re-watering and ‎selenium foliar application
Abstract
Background and purpose: Climate change and rainfall patterns pose a serious ‎threat to the world's food supply to a growing population. Water scarcity is ‎currently limiting food security and economic prosperity in many parts of the ‎world. One of the solutions of the increasing the water productivity is ‎cultivation of the drought-resistant medicinal plants. Forest savory is one of ‎the native medicinal plants of Iran, which contains valuable medicinal and ‎chemical compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the trend of ‎changes in antioxidant enzymes of two forest savory chemotypes under ‎drought stress conditions, re-watering and selenium foliar application.‎
Materials and Methods: ‎
In the present study forest savory chemotypes of “carvacrol/thymol/p-‎Cymene” (Darkesh chemotype) and “thymol/p-Cymene/carvacrol” (Pono ‎chemotype) with herbarium code of MPH-1347 were used. The experiment ‎was conducted in the form of a split plot experiment based on a randomized ‎complete block design. Drought were applied at 3 levels (control, moderate ‎stress (25 days without irrigation) and severe stress (40 days without ‎irrigation). selenium treatments was applied at 3 levels (0, 5 and 20 mg) as ‎foliar application. Re-irrigation was performed immediately after drought ‎stress. In order to measure enzymatic activity variation of plant 3 stages the ‎sampling was done. Including: at the end of drought stress of each treatments, ‎‎1 day and 5 days after re-watering.‎
Findings: Re-irrigation acts as a mechanism to restore physiological functions ‎that have been reduced by water stress. In other words, recovery is an ‎important component for adaptation of plants. In present study, drought stress ‎was not significantly altered the enzymatic activity of measured antioxidant ‎enzymes (except catalase in “Peno” chemotype) in both chemotypes. There ‎was also no significant reaction to selenium foliar application in different ‎levels. On the other hand, the study of changes in enzyme activity before and ‎after re-irrigation showed that, although the enzyme activity tended to reduce ‎after re-irrigation, but in the shortest possible time the activity of enzymes ‎reached to pre-irrigation conditions indicates the high resistance of this plant ‎species to drought. Also, the plant's response to drought levels and supportive ‎treatments in the two chemotypes had almost the same trend.‎
Conclusion: The lack of response of important antioxidant enzymes of forest ‎savory to drought stress and supportive treatments stated that this plant as a ‎drought-tolerant plant containing is suitable for cultivation in areas with ‎limited water resources and irregular rainfall. Therefore, it is suggested that ‎this plant be used for cultivation in low water conditions of Shahrood and ‎similar areas.‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought stress
  • Drought tolerant
  • Enzymatic activity
  • Selenium foliar ‎application
  • Re-irrigation

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پژوهش‌های تولید گیاهی
دوره 29، شماره 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 19-33

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