اثر سدیم نیتروپروساید (SNP) بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گیاه دارویی نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه کشاورزی، گروه مهندسی تولید و اصلاح نباتات، مرکز آموزش عالی میناب، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: با توجه به میزان گستردگی شوری در خاک‌های ایران، میزان بالای شوری آب و خاک می‌تواند کیفیت محصول و بهره‌وری را محدود کند. از سوی دیگر با توجه به افزایش تقاضای جهانی برای استفاده از گیاهان دارویی از جمله نعناع فلفلی، امروزه استفاده از سدیم نیتروپروساید یکی از راهبردهای نوین برای بهبود و افزایش عملکرد گیاهان در شرایط نامطلوب محیطی مانند شوری آب و خاک است. بنابراین، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر سدیم نیتروپروساید (SNP) بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گیاه دارویی نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) تحت تنش شوری اجرا شد.
مواد و روش‌ها:این آزمایش در گلخانه دانشگاه هرمزگان به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1400 انجام شد. در این پژوهش دو عامل سدیم نیتروپروساید (0، 1/0 و 2/0 میلی‌مولار) و سطوح شوری (0، 25، 50، 75 و 100 میلی‌مولار) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. ریزوم‌هایی به‌طول 4 سانتی‌متر انتخاب شده و در گلدان‌هایی به ‌قطر 20 سانتی‌متر و ارتفاع 18 سانتی‌متر کاشته شدند. بستر کشت هر گلدان مخلوطی از خاک زراعی، ماسه و کود دامی پوسیده به نسبت 1:3:6 بود. برای هر تیمار 3 گلدان به‌ عنوان 3 تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. در هر گلدان 4 ریزوم کاشته شد. پس از رشد گیاه (8 برگی)، برگ‌های گیاه با 200 میلی‌لیتر محلول سدیم نیتروپروساید محلول‌پاشی شدند. گیاهان شاهد با استفاده از آب مقطر محلول‌پاشی شدند. عمل محلول‌پاشی 3 بار در اوایل صبح به ‌میزان 10 میلی‌لیتر به هر گلدان و با فاصله زمانی سه روز انجام شد. 24 ساعت پس از آخرین محلول‌پاشی و دو ماه پس از کاشت، گیاهان تحت تیمار شوری قرار گرفتند. 20 روز پس از اعمال تنش، بوته‌ها برداشت شده و ارزیابی صفات انجام گرفت. متغیرهای اندازه‌گیری شده شامل: طول و عرض برگ، قطر ساقه، وزن تر و خشک برگ، کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کاروتنوئید، نشت یونی، پرولین، کاتالاز و ظرفیت اکسایشی بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که حضور سدیم نیتروپروساید 2/0 میلی‌مولار در مقابل عدم حضور آن سبب افزایش معنی‌دار طول برگ، عرض برگ، کلروفیل a، b، کاروتنوئید و پرولین به ‌میزان (60/80، 38/65، 150، 70/38 و 120 و 13/101 درصد) در تنش شوری 100 میلی‌مولار شده است. در حالی که مشاهده شد کاربرد سدیم نیتروپروساید 1/0 میلی‌مولار سبب کاهش نشت یونی به میزان 90/365 درصد در تنش شوری 100 میلی‌مولار در مقایسه با شاهد شده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: لذا با توجه به نتایج حاصل از پژوهش حاضر می‌توان محلول‌پاشی سدیم تیتروپروساید را جهت کاهش اثرات منفی تنش شوری در گیاه نعناع فلفلی توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on morpho-physiological characteristics of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kolsoum Arshan 1
  • Davood Samsampour 2
  • Hossein Pasalari 3
1 M.Sc., Dept. of Horticulture Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
2 Corresponding Author, Associate Prof., Dept. of Horticulture Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Agriculture, Production Engineering and Plant Breeding Group, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Due to the extent of salinity in Iranian soils, the high salinity of water and soil can limit crop quality and productivity. On the other hand, due to the increasing global demand for the use of medicinal plants such as peppermint, today the use of sodium nitroprusside is one of the new strategies to improve and increase the yield of plants in adverse environmental conditions such as water and soil salinity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the morphophysiological characteristics of peppermint (Menthapiperita L.) under salinity stress.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was performed in the greenhouse of Hormozgan University as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications in 1400. In this study, two factors of sodium nitroprusside (0, 0.1, and 0.2 mmol) and salinity levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mmol) were studied. Rhizomes 4 cm long were selected and planted in pots with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 18 cm. The soil in each pot was a mixture of arable soil, sand, and rotted manure in a ratio of 1: 3: 6 (this ratio was suitable for growing peppermint rhizomes). For each treatment, 3 pots were considered as 3 replications. After plant growth, the leaves were sprayed with 200 ml of sodium nitroprusside solution. Control plants were sprayed using distilled water. Foliar application was performed with an interval of three days at a rate of 10 ml per pot and once every three days. 24 hours after the last foliar application and two months after planting, the plants were treated with salinity. Twenty days after application of stress, plants were harvested and traits were evaluated. Measured variables included Leaf length and width, stem diameter, leaf wet and dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, ion leakage, proline, catalase and oxidative capacity.
Results: The results showed that the presence of 0.2 mM sodium nitroprusside compared to its absence caused a significant increase in leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid and proline to the extent of (80.60, 65.38, 150.70 38, 120 and 101.13 percent) in 100 mM salt stress. While it was observed that the use of 0.1 mM sodium nitroprusside decreased ion leakage by 365.90% at 100 mM salinity stress compared to the control.
Conclusion: Therefore, according to the results of the present research, it is possible to recommend foliar spraying of sodium nitroprusside to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress in peppermint plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Proline
  • Carotenoid
  • Chlorophyll

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پژوهش‌های تولید گیاهی
دوره 30، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 85-102

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